The Impact of Solution Concentration on Polymer Viscosity and Intermolecular Forces

At low solution concentrations, the significant intermolecular distance minimizes intermolecular forces. The observed increase in viscosity is primarily attributed to the entanglement of individual polymer chains. Conversely, as solution concentration elevates, the intermolecular distance decreases substantially, facilitating the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between functional groups such as -OH and -NH2.