C++ Increment Operators: ++a + b++ + c++ Explained

The result of the expression '++a + b++ + c++' is 38.

Here is the explanation:

1. The prefix increment operator '++a' increments the value of 'a' by 1, so 'a' becomes 3.
2. The value of 'b' is 31.
3. The postfix increment operator 'b++' increments the value of 'b' by 1 after it is used in the expression, so the value of 'b' used in the expression is still 31.
4. The value of 'c' is 4.
5. The postfix increment operator 'c++' increments the value of 'c' by 1 after it is used in the expression, so the value of 'c' used in the expression is still 4.
6. The expression becomes 3 + 31 + 4 = 38.