Calculating Virtual Water and Environmental Inflow Between Regions
where (N ￗ 1 vector) represents the environmental footprint of N sectors in region r; D is the diagonal matrix, whose elements (N ￗ N diagonal matrix) represent the direct environmental footprint coefficients, indicating the direct environmental impact of each sector in producing one unit of product; T is the complete environmental footprint coefficient matrix that includes both direct and indirect environmental impacts. The virtual environmental inflow from region r to region s can be calculated using the following equation:
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