题目:物质x和d对癌症发生的影响:队列研究

问题描述:

有一种名为x的物质被认为是癌症的保护因素,而另一种名为d的物质则与癌症无关。这两种物质具有相似的组分,但x无法测量,而d可以测量。

(1) 如果同时摄入x和d会导致什么结果?

(2) 如果只摄入d会导致什么结果?

英文翻译:

Title: Effects of substances x and d on cancer incidence: A cohort study

Problem Description:

Substance x is believed to be a protective factor against cancer, while substance d is unrelated to cancer. These two substances have similar compositions, but x is not measurable, while d is measurable.

(1) What is the result when both x and d are ingested simultaneously?

(2) What is the result when only d is ingested?

有个物质x是癌症的保护因素,还有个物质d跟癌症没关系,x和d组分相似,x不可测量,d可测量。
(1)进行队列研究,既摄入x又摄入d,结果会如何?
(2)再做个队列研究,只摄入d,结果会如何
把上面的文字出成流行病学题目,并翻译成英文

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