Enhanced Endometrial Repair Efficacy of HEO Complex: Direct Epithelial Cell Integration and Vascular Fusion

The HEO complex that we have constructed exhibits superior endometrial repair efficacy, which can be attributed to two main factors. Firstly, it is possible that the transplanted epithelial cells from the mouse uterus directly participate in the reconstruction of the mouse endometrium. This is evident from our observations in both the EO transplantation group and the HEO transplantation group, where we have observed integration of epithelial cells in the mouse endometrium. This phenomenon has not been observed in other endometrial repair experiments.

Secondly, the endothelial cells of the blood vessels in the transplanted tissue are involved in the fusion of the transplanted tissue with the recipient transplantation site's blood vessels. This result is supported by two aspects: firstly, we have observed a greater presence of lumen-like CD31+ endothelial cells in the endometrium of the HEO transplantation group; secondly, after subcutaneous transplantation in HEO mice, we have observed the fusion of blood vessels formed by human-origin endothelial cells with those formed by mouse endothelial cells, with peripheral blood perfusion.

The establishment of vascular network connections between the transplanted tissue and the recipient transplantation site is of great significance for the success of the transplantation. The vascular network with blood flow provides oxygen and nutrients, which are crucial for the survival and functioning of the transplanted tissue.