100+ 救灾行业关键词表格：英文、中文解释和应用场景

以下是包含 100 个“救灾”行业关键词的表格，按照关键词（英文）、关键词（中文）名词解释和应用场景进行分类。\n\n| 关键词（英文） | 关键词（中文） | 名词解释 | 应用场景 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Disaster | 灾难 | A sudden event causing widespread destruction, distress, or loss | Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and floods |\n| Emergency | 紧急情况 | A serious situation requiring immediate action | Emergency response, medical emergencies |\n| Rescue | 救援 | The act of saving or being saved from a dangerous or distressing situation | Search and rescue operations, disaster relief efforts |\n| Relief | 救济 | Assistance, especially money, food, or supplies, given to those in need after a disaster | Humanitarian aid, providing relief to affected communities |\n| Evacuation | 疏散 | The process of moving people from a dangerous place to a safe place | Evacuation plans, emergency shelters |\n| Recovery | 恢复 | The process of rebuilding and recovering after a disaster | Post-disaster recovery efforts, rebuilding infrastructure |\n| Preparedness | 预防 | The state of being ready and prepared for an emergency or disaster | Disaster preparedness training, emergency drills |\n| Response | 应急 | The actions taken to address and mitigate the immediate effects of a disaster | Emergency response teams, first responders |\n| Resilience | 韧性 | The ability to recover quickly from difficulties or adapt to change | Building community resilience, resilience in the face of disasters |\n| Risk assessment | 风险评估 | The process of evaluating potential risks and hazards | Assessing risks of natural disasters, identifying vulnerable areas |\n| Hazard | 危险 | A potential source of harm or danger | Natural hazards, chemical hazards |\n| Mitigation | 缓解 | The action of reducing the severity or impact of a disaster | Mitigation measures, disaster risk reduction |\n| Shelter | 住所 | A place providing protection from danger or exposure | Emergency shelters, temporary housing |\n| Communication | 通讯 | The exchange of information or messages | Emergency communication systems, communication during disasters |\n| First aid | 急救 | Emergency medical treatment given to an injured person before professional medical help arrives | First aid kits, basic first aid training |\n| Volunteer | 志愿者 | A person who freely offers to help or participate in an activity | Volunteer organizations, disaster response volunteers |\n| Donations | 捐赠 | Gifts or contributions, usually in the form of money or supplies | Donating to disaster relief efforts, collecting donations for affected communities |\n| Recovery plan | 恢复计划 | A documented strategy outlining steps to be taken for recovery after a disaster | Developing a disaster recovery plan, implementing recovery strategies |\n| Emergency management | 突发事件管理 | The organization and coordination of resources and responsibilities for dealing with emergencies | Emergency management agencies, disaster response coordination |\n| Warning system | 预警系统 | A system designed to alert people about potential hazards or dangers | Early warning systems for natural disasters, emergency alert systems |\n| Resettlement | 安置 | The act of helping people move to a new place to live after being displaced by a disaster | Resettlement programs for displaced populations |\n| Infrastructure | 基础设施 | The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise | Rebuilding infrastructure after a disaster, ensuring resilient infrastructure |\n| Psychological support | 心理支持 | Support and assistance provided to individuals experiencing emotional distress after a disaster | Psychological counseling services, trauma-informed care |\n| Water purification | 水净化 | The process of removing contaminants from water to make it safe for drinking or other uses | Water purification systems in emergency situations |\n| Food distribution | 食品分发 | The act of providing food to those in need, especially after a disaster | Food distribution centers, emergency food aid |\n| Search and rescue | 搜救 | The activity of locating and saving people who are trapped or in danger | Search and rescue teams, search and rescue equipment |\n| Medical triage | 医疗分诊 | The process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition in a medical emergency | Triage systems in emergency medical settings |\n| Logistics | 物流 | The detailed coordination of a complex operation involving many people, facilities, or supplies | Logistics support in disaster response, supply chain management |\n| Coordination | 协调 | The act of organizing and integrating different efforts or activities | Coordinating disaster response efforts, inter-agency coordination |\n| Responder | 应急人员 | A person who responds to and deals with emergencies or disasters | Emergency responders, disaster response teams |\n| Climate resilience | 气候韧性 | The ability to adapt and respond to climate change and its impacts | Building climate resilience in vulnerable communities |\n| Risk management | 风险管理 | The process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, and taking actions to minimize or control them | Risk management strategies for natural disasters |\n| Humanitarian aid | 人道主义援助 | Assistance and support provided to people affected by disasters or crises | Humanitarian aid organizations, delivering humanitarian aid |\n| Recovery assistance | 恢复援助 | Support and resources provided to help communities recover and rebuild after a disaster | Government recovery assistance programs, non-profit organizations providing recovery assistance |\n| Earthquake preparedness | 地震准备 | The actions taken to prepare for and respond to earthquakes | Earthquake preparedness drills, earthquake-resistant building designs |\n| Flood mitigation | 洪水缓解 | The measures taken to reduce the impact and risk of flooding | Flood control systems, floodplain management |\n| Fire safety | 消防安全 | The precautions and measures taken to prevent and respond to fires | Fire safety training, fire extinguishers |\n| Disaster risk reduction | 减灾 | The efforts and actions taken to minimize the impact of disasters | Implementing disaster risk reduction strategies, community-based disaster risk reduction |\n| Community resilience | 社区韧性 | The ability of a community to withstand and recover from shocks and stresses | Building community resilience through social networks and support systems |\n| Humanitarian response | 人道主义响应 | The actions taken to address the immediate needs of people affected by disasters or crises | Humanitarian response teams, emergency relief efforts |\n| Early warning | 预警 | The provision of timely and accurate information about potential hazards | Early warning systems for tsunamis, hurricanes, etc. |\n| Risk assessment tools | 风险评估工具 | Instruments or methods used to evaluate and quantify risks | Risk assessment software, risk assessment checklists |\n| Temporary housing | 临时住房 | Shelter provided on a temporary basis to displaced individuals or families | Emergency shelters, temporary housing facilities |\n| Disaster recovery center | 灾后恢复中心 | A facility or location where disaster survivors can access information, resources, and support | Disaster recovery centers providing assistance to affected communities |\n| Humanitarian logistics | 人道物流 | The planning and management of resources and supplies for humanitarian operations | Logistics support for humanitarian aid delivery |\n| Emergency operations center | 应急行动中心 | A central command and control facility used by emergency management organizations during a disaster | Emergency operations centers coordinating response efforts |\n| Risk communication | 风险沟通 | The process of sharing information about risks and hazards with the public | Communicating risks during emergencies, public awareness campaigns |\n| Disaster assessment | 灾情评估 | The process of evaluating the impact and extent of damage caused by a disaster | Conducting damage assessments, assessing needs of affected populations |\n| Psycho-social support | 心理社会支持 | Emotional and social support provided to individuals and communities affected by disasters | Psycho-social support programs, counseling services |\n| Hazard mapping | 危险地图 | The visual representation of hazards and their potential impact on an area | Hazard maps used for risk assessment and planning |\n| Public health response | 公共卫生响应 | The actions taken to protect and promote public health during and after a disaster | Public health emergency response, disease surveillance |\n| Geographic information system (GIS) | 地理信息系统 | A system designed to capture, store, analyze, and present spatial or geographic data | GIS mapping for disaster management, spatial analysis of risks |\n| Emergency preparedness kit | 应急准备包 | A collection of essential items and supplies to help individuals or families during an emergency | Emergency preparedness kits containing food, water, and first aid supplies |\n| Psychological first aid | 心理急救 | The immediate psychological support provided to individuals in distress after a traumatic event | Psychological first aid training, providing emotional support |\n| Hazardous materials | 危险物质 | Substances that are potentially harmful to human health or the environment | Managing and handling hazardous materials in emergencies |\n| Risk communication strategies | 风险沟通策略 | Plans and approaches to effectively communicate risks to different audiences | Developing risk communication strategies for public awareness |\n| Evacuation route | 疏散路线 | A designated path or route used for the safe evacuation of people during emergencies | Evacuation route signs, emergency evacuation plans |\n| Disaster resilience training | 灾害韧性培训 | Education and training programs aimed at building individual and community resilience to disasters | Disaster resilience training for community members, disaster preparedness courses |\n| Vulnerability assessment | 脆弱性评估 | The process of identifying and evaluating the susceptibility of a system or population to potential harm | Vulnerability assessments for at-risk communities |\n| Crisis mapping | 危机地图 | The use of technology and data to map and analyze crisis situations | Crisis mapping for disaster response and coordination |\n| Recovery funding | 恢复资金 | Financial resources provided to support recovery and reconstruction efforts after a disaster | Government funding for post-disaster recovery, international aid for recovery |\n| Emergency communication plan | 应急通讯计划 | A documented strategy outlining communication protocols and channels during emergencies | Developing an emergency communication plan for organizations |\n| Disaster simulation exercise | 灾害模拟演习 | A practice or drill designed to simulate a disaster scenario for training and preparedness purposes | Conducting disaster simulation exercises, emergency response drills |\n| Risk monitoring | 风险监测 | The continuous monitoring and surveillance of potential risks and hazards | Monitoring of weather conditions, risk monitoring systems |\n| Disaster response coordination | 灾害响应协调 | The management and coordination of various agencies and organizations involved in disaster response | Establishing coordination mechanisms for effective disaster response |\n| Disaster recovery funding | 灾后恢复资金 | Financial resources allocated for long-term recovery and reconstruction after a disaster | Government funding for disaster recovery projects |\n| Capacity building | 能力建设 | The process of developing and enhancing the skills, knowledge, and resources of individuals and organizations | Capacity building programs for disaster management, training workshops |\n| Emergency power supply | 应急电源供应 | Alternative sources of electricity used during power outages or emergencies | Emergency generators, portable power supplies |\n| Remote sensing | 遥感 | The collection of data about an object or area from a distance, typically using satellites or aircraft | Remote sensing for disaster monitoring and mapping |\n| Disaster risk management | 灾害风险管理 | The systematic process of identifying, assessing, and reducing the risks posed by hazards | Integrated approach to disaster risk management, risk reduction strategies |\n| Disaster preparedness drill | 灾害准备演习 | A practice exercise designed to test and evaluate preparedness and response capabilities | Conducting disaster preparedness drills in schools, workplaces, etc. |\n| Debris management | 废物管理 | The proper handling, removal, and disposal of debris generated by a disaster | Debris management plans, debris removal operations |\n| Emergency medical services | 急救服务 | Pre-hospital medical care and transportation provided to individuals in need of urgent medical attention | Emergency medical response, ambulance services |\n| Disaster information management | 灾害信息管理 | The collection, analysis, and dissemination of information related to disasters | Establishing information management systems for effective response |\n| Incident command system | 事故指挥系统 | A standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response operations | Incident command structures for effective coordination |\n| Construction standards | 建筑标准 | Regulations and guidelines for the design and construction of buildings to withstand hazards | Implementing and enforcing building codes for disaster-resistant construction |\n| Recovery planning | 恢复规划 | The process of developing strategies and actions to guide post-disaster recovery efforts | Community-based recovery planning, long-term recovery plans |\n| Emergency response plan | 应急响应计划 | A documented plan outlining the actions and procedures to be followed during an emergency | Developing and implementing emergency response plans |\n| GIS mapping | 地理信息系统制图 | The process of creating maps using geographic information system (GIS) technology | GIS mapping for risk assessment, spatial analysis, and decision-making |\n| Disaster risk assessment | 灾害风险评估 | The process of evaluating and analyzing the potential risks posed by hazards | Conducting risk assessments for different types of disasters |\n| Climate change adaptation | 气候变化适应 | The process of adjusting to the changing climate and its impacts | Climate change adaptation strategies for vulnerable communities |\n| Emergency evacuation plan | 应急疏散计划 | A documented plan outlining procedures and routes for the safe evacuation of people during emergencies | Developing and communicating emergency evacuation plans |\n| Emergency medical supplies | 急救物资 | Medical equipment, medications, and supplies used to provide emergency medical care | Stocking and maintaining emergency medical supply kits |\n| Disaster coordination center | 灾害协调中心 | A central location or facility used for coordinating and managing disaster response efforts | Establishing disaster coordination centers at regional or national levels |\n| Emergency water supply | 应急水供应 | Alternative sources of safe drinking water provided during water shortages or emergencies | Emergency water storage, water purification systems |\n| Mass casualty incident | 大规模伤亡事故 | An incident resulting in a large number of casualties, overwhelming the local medical response capabilities | Mass casualty incident management, triage and treatment |\n| Risk reduction measures | 减灾措施 | Actions taken to minimize the impact of hazards and reduce the vulnerability of communities | Implementing structural and non-structural risk reduction measures |\n| Psychological trauma | 心理创伤 | Emotional and psychological distress caused by a traumatic event | Providing support and counseling for individuals affected by psychological trauma |\n| Disaster education | 灾害教育 | Education and awareness programs aimed at promoting disaster preparedness and resilience | Disaster education in schools, public awareness campaigns |\n| Emergency communication system | 应急通信系统 | A network or system used for communicating information during emergencies | Emergency radio systems, mobile communication networks |\n| Risk perception | 风险认知 | The subjective assessment or judgment of the potential risks and hazards | Understanding and addressing public risk perception in disaster management |\n| Disaster response plan | 灾害响应计划 | A documented plan outlining the actions and procedures to be followed during a disaster response | Developing and implementing disaster response plans |\n| Hazard identification | 危险识别 | The process of identifying and recognizing potential hazards or risks | Conducting hazard identification studies, risk assessments |\n| Evacuation center | 疏散中心 | A designated facility or location used for accommodating and providing support to evacuated individuals | Setting up and managing evacuation centers during emergencies |\n| Risk communication messages | 风险沟通信息 | Information and messages designed to effectively communicate risks to the public | Developing clear and concise risk communication messages |\n| Emergency response training | 应急响应培训 | Education and training programs aimed at developing skills and competencies for emergency response | Emergency response training for first responders, emergency management personnel |\n| Disaster recovery assistance | 灾后恢复援助 | Support and resources provided to help communities recover and rebuild after a disaster | Government and non-governmental organizations providing recovery assistance |\n| Emergency management plan | 应急管理计划 | A documented plan outlining the strategies and procedures for managing emergencies | Developing and implementing emergency management plans |\n| Shelter management | 住所管理 | The coordination and management of temporary shelters for displaced individuals or families | Establishing and managing emergency shelters during disasters |\n| Risk communication strategies | 风险沟通策略 | Plans and approaches to effectively communicate risks to different audiences | Developing risk communication strategies for public awareness |\n| Disaster risk mapping | 灾害风险制图 | The process of identifying and mapping areas prone to specific hazards and risks | Creating hazard and risk maps for disaster planning and response |\n| Emergency logistics | 应急物流 | The planning and management of resources and supplies for emergency operations | Logistics support for emergency response and relief efforts |\n| Disaster preparedness training | 灾害准备培训 | Education and training programs aimed at developing skills and knowledge for disaster preparedness | Disaster preparedness training for individuals and communities |\n| Emergency response coordination | 应急响应协调 | The management and coordination of various agencies and organizations involved in emergency response | Establishing coordination mechanisms for effective emergency response |\n| Disaster recovery planning | 灾后恢复规划 | The process of developing strategies and actions to guide post-disaster recovery efforts | Community-based recovery planning, long-term recovery plans |\n| Emergency response plan | 应急响应计划 | A documented plan outlining the actions and procedures to be followed during an emergency | Developing and implementing emergency response plans |\n| GIS mapping | 地理信息系统制图 | The process of creating maps using geographic information system (GIS) technology | GIS mapping for risk assessment, spatial analysis, and decision-making |\n| Disaster risk assessment | 灾害风险评估 | The process of evaluating and analyzing the potential risks posed by hazards | Conducting risk assessments for different types of disasters |\n| Climate change adaptation | 气候变化适应 | The process of adjusting to the changing climate and its impacts | Climate change adaptation strategies for vulnerable communities |\n| Emergency evacuation plan | 应急疏散计划 | A documented plan outlining procedures and routes for the safe evacuation of people during emergencies | Developing and