• 日期: 2027-12-26 16:56:16
  • 标签: 常规

{/'title/':/'Python学生成绩管理系统：数据库实现，学生、教师、管理员功能/',/'description/':/'使用Python构建一个学生成绩管理系统，支持学生、教师、管理员三种角色，涵盖成绩录入、修改、查询、统计等功能，并使用SQLite数据库实现数据持久化。/',/'keywords/':/'学生成绩管理系统, Python, 数据库, SQLite, 学生, 教师, 管理员, 成绩录入, 修改, 查询, 统计/',/'content/':/'import sqlite3//n//n# 连接数据库//nconn = sqlite3.connect('grades.db')//ncursor = conn.cursor()//n//n# 创建学生表//ncursor.execute('''//n CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS students(//n id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,//n name TEXT NOT NULL,//n password TEXT NOT NULL,//n grade REAL//n )//n''')//n//n# 创建教师表//ncursor.execute('''//n CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS teachers(//n id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,//n name TEXT NOT NULL,//n password TEXT NOT NULL//n )//n''')//n//n# 创建管理员表//ncursor.execute('''//n CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS admins(//n id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,//n name TEXT NOT NULL,//n password TEXT NOT NULL//n )//n''')//n//n# 创建成绩表//ncursor.execute('''//n CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS grades(//n student_id INTEGER,//n course TEXT NOT NULL,//n grade REAL,//n FOREIGN KEY(student_id) REFERENCES students(id)//n )//n''')//n//n# 学生登录函数//ndef student_login()://n name = input('请输入学生用户名：')//n password = input('请输入密码：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM students WHERE name=? AND password=?', (name, password))//n student = cursor.fetchone()//n if student://n print('登录成功！')//n student_menu(student)//n else://n print('用户名或密码错误！')//n//n# 学生菜单函数//ndef student_menu(student)://n while True://n print('--- 学生菜单 ---')//n print('1. 修改密码')//n print('2. 查看成绩')//n print('0. 退出')//n choice = input('请选择操作：')//n if choice == '1'://n change_password(student)//n elif choice == '2'://n view_grades(student)//n elif choice == '0'://n break//n else://n print('请输入正确的选项！')//n//n# 修改密码函数//ndef change_password(user)://n new_password = input('请输入新密码：')//n cursor.execute('UPDATE {} SET password=? WHERE id=?'.format(user[0]), (new_password, user[0]))//n conn.commit()//n print('密码修改成功！')//n//n# 查看成绩函数//ndef view_grades(student)://n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE student_id=?', (student[0],))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n for grade in grades://n print('课程：{}，成绩：{}'.format(grade[1], grade[2]))//n else://n print('暂无成绩！')//n//n# 教师登录函数//ndef teacher_login()://n name = input('请输入教师用户名：')//n password = input('请输入密码：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM teachers WHERE name=? AND password=?', (name, password))//n teacher = cursor.fetchone()//n if teacher://n print('登录成功！')//n teacher_menu(teacher)//n else://n print('用户名或密码错误！')//n//n# 教师菜单函数//ndef teacher_menu(teacher)://n while True://n print('--- 教师菜单 ---')//n print('1. 修改密码')//n print('2. 录入学生成绩')//n print('3. 批量上传学生成绩')//n print('4. 查看学生成绩')//n print('0. 退出')//n choice = input('请选择操作：')//n if choice == '1'://n change_password(teacher)//n elif choice == '2'://n add_grade()//n elif choice == '3'://n upload_grades()//n elif choice == '4'://n view_grades()//n elif choice == '0'://n break//n else://n print('请输入正确的选项！')//n//n# 录入学生成绩函数//ndef add_grade()://n student_name = input('请输入学生姓名：')//n course = input('请输入课程名：')//n grade = input('请输入成绩：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM students WHERE name=?', (student_name,))//n student = cursor.fetchone()//n if student://n cursor.execute('INSERT INTO grades(student_id, course, grade) VALUES(?, ?, ?)', (student[0], course, grade))//n conn.commit()//n print('成绩录入成功！')//n else://n print('学生不存在！')//n//n# 批量上传学生成绩函数//ndef upload_grades()://n file_path = input('请输入文件路径：') # 假设文件中每行格式为：学生姓名,课程名,成绩//n with open(file_path, 'r') as file://n for line in file://n data = line.strip().split(',')//n student_name = data[0]//n course = data[1]//n grade = data[2]//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM students WHERE name=?', (student_name,))//n student = cursor.fetchone()//n if student://n cursor.execute('INSERT INTO grades(student_id, course, grade) VALUES(?, ?, ?)', (student[0], course, grade))//n conn.commit()//n print('成绩批量上传成功！')//n//n# 查看学生成绩函数//ndef view_grades()://n course = input('请输入课程名：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE course=?', (course,))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n for grade in grades://n print('学生：{}，成绩：{}'.format(get_student_name(grade[0]), grade[2]))//n else://n print('暂无成绩！')//n//n# 获取学生姓名函数//ndef get_student_name(student_id)://n cursor.execute('SELECT name FROM students WHERE id=?', (student_id,))//n student = cursor.fetchone()//n return student[0] if student else ''//n//n# 管理员登录函数//ndef admin_login()://n name = input('请输入管理员用户名：')//n password = input('请输入密码：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM admins WHERE name=? AND password=?', (name, password))//n admin = cursor.fetchone()//n if admin://n print('登录成功！')//n admin_menu()//n else://n print('用户名或密码错误！')//n//n# 管理员菜单函数//ndef admin_menu()://n while True://n print('--- 管理员菜单 ---')//n print('1. 修改密码')//n print('2. 重置密码')//n print('3. 核对成绩')//n print('4. 按姓名模糊查询成绩')//n print('5. 按分数段查询成绩')//n print('6. 成绩排序')//n print('7. 成绩导出')//n print('0. 退出')//n choice = input('请选择操作：')//n if choice == '1'://n change_password(admin)//n elif choice == '2'://n reset_password()//n elif choice == '3'://n verify_grade()//n elif choice == '4'://n search_grade_by_name()//n elif choice == '5'://n search_grade_by_score()//n elif choice == '6'://n sort_grades()//n elif choice == '7'://n export_grades()//n elif choice == '0'://n break//n else://n print('请输入正确的选项！')//n//n# 重置密码函数//ndef reset_password()://n user_type = input('请输入要重置密码的用户类型（学生、教师、管理员）：')//n username = input('请输入要重置密码的用户名：')//n new_password = input('请输入新密码：')//n cursor.execute('UPDATE {} SET password=? WHERE name=?'.format(user_type + 's'), (new_password, username))//n conn.commit()//n print('密码重置成功！')//n//n# 核对成绩函数//ndef verify_grade()://n student_name = input('请输入学生姓名：')//n course = input('请输入课程名：')//n new_grade = input('请输入正确的成绩：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM students WHERE name=?', (student_name,))//n student = cursor.fetchone()//n if student://n cursor.execute('UPDATE grades SET grade=? WHERE student_id=? AND course=?', (new_grade, student[0], course))//n conn.commit()//n print('成绩核对成功！')//n else://n print('学生不存在！')//n//n# 按姓名模糊查询成绩函数//ndef search_grade_by_name()://n keyword = input('请输入姓名关键字：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM students WHERE name LIKE ?', ('%' + keyword + '%',))//n students = cursor.fetchall()//n if students://n for student in students://n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE student_id=?', (student[0],))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n for grade in grades://n print('学生：{}，课程：{}，成绩：{}'.format(student[1], grade[1], grade[2]))//n else://n print('未找到相关学生！')//n//n# 按分数段查询成绩函数//ndef search_grade_by_score()://n min_score = input('请输入最低分数：')//n max_score = input('请输入最高分数：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE grade BETWEEN ? AND ?', (min_score, max_score))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n for grade in grades://n print('学生：{}，课程：{}，成绩：{}'.format(get_student_name(grade[0]), grade[1], grade[2]))//n else://n print('未找到相关成绩！')//n//n# 成绩排序函数//ndef sort_grades()://n course = input('请输入课程名：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE course=? ORDER BY grade DESC', (course,))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n for grade in grades://n print('学生：{}，成绩：{}'.format(get_student_name(grade[0]), grade[2]))//n else://n print('暂无成绩！')//n//n# 成绩导出函数//ndef export_grades()://n course = input('请输入课程名：')//n cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM grades WHERE course=?', (course,))//n grades = cursor.fetchall()//n if grades://n with open('grades.csv', 'w') as file://n file.write('学生姓名,课程名,成绩//n')//n for grade in grades://n file.write('{}, {}, {}//n'.format(get_student_name(grade[0]), grade[1], grade[2]))//n print('成绩导出成功！')//n else://n print('暂无成绩！')//n//n# 主程序//nwhile True://n print('--- 学生成绩管理系统 ---')//n print('1. 学生登录')//n print('2. 教师登录')//n print('3. 管理员登录')//n print('0. 退出')//n choice = input('请选择用户类型：')//n if choice == '1'://n student_login()//n elif choice == '2'://n teacher_login()//n elif choice == '3'://n admin_login()//n elif choice == '0'://n break//n else://n print('请输入正确的选项！')//n//n# 关闭数据库连接//nconn.close()//n/


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