Are We Born Criminal? Exploring the Genetics and Environment of Criminal Behavior

The author reviews existing research literature in the text by summarizing the key findings and arguments of various studies and theories. They provide a brief overview of each theory or study and highlight the main points or conclusions.

For example, in discussing Cesare Lombroso's theory of anthropological criminology, the author summarizes Lombroso's belief that criminals could be identified by physical defects and characteristics. They then mention William Sheldon's taxonomy for categorizing the human physique and how it was used to determine mental characteristics and criminal tendencies. The author concludes this section by stating that these theories have been widely discredited and no evidence has been found to support them.

Another example is when the author discusses the 'Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development'. They explain that the study has been following the development of 411 males since 1961 and has interviewed them multiple times. The author then highlights the finding that a significant number of delinquent youths had criminal fathers, but notes that it remains unclear whether this intergenerational deviance is genetically determined or due to environmental factors.

Overall, the author reviews existing research literature by summarizing the main findings and arguments of each study or theory mentioned.