Calculate Cliff Height: Ball Thrown Horizontally

To find the height of the cliff, we can use the equation for the vertical motion of the ball:

h = v₀t + (1/2)gt²

Where: h = height of the cliff v₀ = initial vertical velocity (which is zero since the ball is thrown horizontally) t = time of flight (4.0 seconds in this case) g = acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²)

Plugging in the known values, we can solve for h:

h = 0(4.0) + (1/2)(9.8)(4.0)² h = 0 + 0.5(9.8)(16) h = 0 + 78.4 h = 78.4 meters

Therefore, the height of the cliff is approximately 78.4 meters.