字符串数组中由给定字符组成的字符串的总字符数 - Python 代码实现

思路：\n1. 遍历words数组中的每个字符串，判断该字符串是否是好的字符串。\n2. 判断的方法是：使用一个字典counts记录chars中每个字符出现的次数。\n3. 对于每个字符串，使用一个新的字典temp_counts记录该字符串中每个字符出现的次数。\n4. 遍历字符串中的每个字符，将其加入temp_counts中。如果加入后temp_counts中该字符的次数超过了counts中该字符的次数，说明该字符串不是好的字符串，跳出循环。\n5. 如果遍历完成后，temp_counts中每个字符的次数都没有超过counts中该字符的次数，说明该字符串是好的字符串，将其长度加入结果中。\n6. 最后返回结果。\n\n代码如下：\ndef countCharacters(words, chars):\n counts = {}\n for char in chars:\n if char not in counts:\n counts[char] = 1\n else:\n counts[char] += 1\n\n result = 0\n for word in words:\n temp_counts = {}\n for char in word:\n if char not in temp_counts:\n temp_counts[char] = 1\n else:\n temp_counts[char] += 1\n\n valid = True\n for char in temp_counts:\n if char not in counts or temp_counts[char] > counts[char]:\n valid = False\n break\n\n if valid:\n result += len(word)\n\n return result\n\n测试样例：\nwords = ["cat", "bt", "hat", "tree"]\nchars = "atach"\nprint(countCharacters(words, chars))