Pillow 安装失败：构建轮子错误和读取超时问题 - 解决方法

"note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.\n ERROR: Failed building wheel for pillow\nFailed to build pillow\nERROR: Could not build wheels for pillow, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects\n\n什么原因 又出现这个：ERROR: Exception:\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher\n yield\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 561, in read\n data = self._fp_read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 527, in _fp_read\n return self._fp.read(amt) if amt is not None else self._fp.read()\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\http\client.py", line 465, in read\n s = self.fp.read(amt)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\socket.py", line 705, in readinto\n return self._sock.recv_into(b)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\ssl.py", line 1273, in recv_into\n return self.read(nbytes, buffer)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\ssl.py", line 1129, in read\n return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)\nTimeoutError: The read operation timed out\n\nDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 180, in exc_logging_wrapper\n status = run_func(*args)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\req_command.py", line 248, in wrapper\n return func(self, options, args)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\commands\install.py", line 377, in run\n requirement_set = resolver.resolve(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\resolver.py", line 92, in resolve\n result = self._result = resolver.resolve(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 546, in resolve\n state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 397, in resolve\n self._add_to_criteria(self.state.criteria, r, parent=None)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 173, in _add_to_criteria\n if not criterion.candidates:\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\resolvelib\structs.py", line 156, in bool\n return bool(self._sequence)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 155, in bool\n return any(self)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 143, in \n return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 47, in _iter_built\n candidate = func()\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\factory.py", line 206, in _make_candidate_from_link\n self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 293, in init\n super().init(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 156, in init\n self.dist = self._prepare()\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 225, in _prepare\n dist = self._prepare_distribution()\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 304, in _prepare_distribution\n return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 538, in prepare_linked_requirement\n return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 609, in _prepare_linked_requirement\n local_file = unpack_url(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 166, in unpack_url\n file = get_http_url(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 107, in get_http_url\n from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\network\download.py", line 147, in call\n for chunk in chunks:\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\progress_bars.py", line 53, in _rich_progress_bar\n for chunk in iterable:\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\network\utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks\n for chunk in response.raw.stream(\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 622, in stream\n data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 560, in read\n with self._error_catcher():\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\contextlib.py", line 153, in exit\n self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)\n File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Python310-32\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher\n raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")\npip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn', port=443): Read timed out.\n\n这个错误的原因是在使用pip安装pillow库时，出现了构建wheel的错误。这可能是由于网络连接问题导致的。另外，根据错误提示，可以看到在从pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn下载文件时出现了读取超时的错误。这可能是由于该站点的响应时间较长或网络连接不稳定导致的。\n