Endometrial Responsiveness to Ovarian Hormones: A Key Feature of the Menstrual Cycle

The endometrium possesses a critical characteristic of exhibiting significant responsiveness to ovarian hormones, specifically estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4), which orchestrate the cyclic proliferation and differentiation of endometrial glands. This process is accompanied by dynamic and localized expression of their respective receptors, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), across different temporal and spatial domains.