Spring Gateway可以通过集成Hystrix和Spring Cloud Circuit Breaker来实现熔断和限流功能。

  1. 集成Hystrix

首先,需要在Spring Gateway项目中添加Hystrix依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

然后,在配置文件中添加以下配置:

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my-service
          uri: http://localhost:8080
          predicates:
            - Path=/my-service/**
          filters:
            - name: Hystrix
              args:
                name: myHystrixCommand
                fallbackUri: forward:/fallback

在上面的配置中,我们为路由添加了一个名为'Hystrix'的过滤器,将Hystrix命令的名称设置为'myHystrixCommand',并将回退URI设置为'/fallback'。

然后,需要创建一个继承自HystrixCommand的自定义HystrixCommand类,并在其中实现调用后端服务的逻辑:

public class MyHystrixCommand extends HystrixCommand<String> {
 
    private final WebClient webClient;
 
    public MyHystrixCommand(WebClient webClient) {
        super(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey('MyHystrixCommandGroup'));
        this.webClient = webClient;
    }
 
    @Override
    protected String run() throws Exception {
        return webClient.get().uri('/my-service').retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class).block();
    }
 
    @Override
    protected String getFallback() {
        return 'Fallback';
    }
}

最后,在Spring Gateway的配置文件中,需要将自定义的HystrixCommand类注册为一个Spring Bean:

@Bean
public MyHystrixCommand myHystrixCommand() {
    return new MyHystrixCommand(WebClient.create());
}
  1. 集成Spring Cloud Circuit Breaker

除了Hystrix,Spring Gateway还支持Spring Cloud Circuit Breaker作为熔断和限流实现的替代方案。

首先,需要在Spring Gateway项目中添加Spring Cloud Circuit Breaker依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-circuitbreaker-reactor-resilience4j</artifactId>
</dependency>

然后,在配置文件中添加以下配置:

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: my-service
          uri: http://localhost:8080
          predicates:
            - Path=/my-service/**
          filters:
            - name: CircuitBreaker
              args:
                name: myCircuitBreaker
                fallbackUri: forward:/fallback

在上面的配置中,我们为路由添加了一个名为'CircuitBreaker'的过滤器,将断路器的名称设置为'myCircuitBreaker',并将回退URI设置为'/fallback'。

然后,需要创建一个继承自Resilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory的自定义断路器工厂类,并在其中配置断路器:

@Configuration
public class CustomCircuitBreakerConfiguration {
 
    @Bean
    public CustomCircuitBreakerFactory customCircuitBreakerFactory() {
        return new CustomCircuitBreakerFactory();
    }
 
    static class CustomCircuitBreakerFactory extends Resilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory {
 
        @Override
        protected io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreaker createCircuitBreaker(String id) {
            return io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreaker.of(id, CircuitBreakerConfig.custom()
                    .failureRateThreshold(50)
                    .waitDurationInOpenState(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                    .permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState(2)
                    .slidingWindowSize(10)
                    .build());
        }
    }
}

最后,在Spring Gateway的配置文件中,需要将自定义的断路器工厂类注册为一个Spring Bean:

@Bean
public CustomCircuitBreakerFactory customCircuitBreakerFactory() {
    return new CustomCircuitBreakerFactory();
}

通过以上步骤,就可以在Spring Gateway中集成熔断和限流功能了。

Spring Gateway 熔断限流实现指南

原文地址: https://www.cveoy.top/t/topic/owLr 著作权归作者所有。请勿转载和采集!

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