埃森哲与行业伙伴合作：深入分析全球产业减碳路径，电力与工业成为减排主力

Accenture has conducted comprehensive analysis and research on the decarbonization pathways of various industries worldwide in collaboration with industry partners. Among them, the power, transportation, industrial, and construction sectors account for more than 80% of the total carbon emissions. In the decarbonization pathway, the power and industrial sectors are undoubtedly the main areas for emissions reduction, which is expected to achieve 60% of the total emissions reduction target. The transportation sector, as the third-largest emissions reduction area, can also achieve 20% of the total emissions reduction target.

The main carbon emission contributor in the transportation sector is automobiles, including passenger cars and transport vehicles. Vehicles powered by gasoline and diesel are the main source of carbon emissions. Therefore, the core measures for emissions reduction in the transportation sector include two aspects: firstly, the replacement of fossil fuel vehicles with new energy vehicles; secondly, the widespread use of low-carbon and recyclable materials in the manufacturing process of automobiles.

Electric vehicles (EVs) promote emissions reduction in the transportation sector

Replacing fossil-fueled vehicles with EVs is a key element in low-carbon development in the transportation sector, even determining the decarbonization process in this industry. Judging from the whole life cycle, a pure EV of the same size can reduce CO2 emissions by about 40% compared to a pure gasoline vehicle. By the end of 2022, China's stock of new energy vehicles exceeded 13 million, and the annual production and sales volume was close to 7 million, showing strong development momentum. In China, the European Union, and the United States, the average share of EVs in total vehicle sales is expected to increase to around 60% by 2030.

With such a large-scale deployment of new energy vehicles, especially EVs, the effect of emissions reduction will be concentrated. The technological development of power batteries is the most important value creator for emissions reduction in the transportation sector. However, the recycling, reuse, and final harmless disposal of batteries will be important links in the development of the EV industry. Therefore, regulators and practitioners in the EV industry need to provide end-to-end solutions for the entire life cycle of EV batteries to ensure the effectiveness and integrity of achieving emissions reduction goals.

Continuous emissions reduction measures in the automobile industry

Emissions reduction in the automobile industry includes emissions reduction in the production process and low-carbon components in vehicles themselves. Unlike the power industry, where about 90% of carbon emissions come from the production process, carbon emissions in the production process of the automobile industry account for less than 40% of its total carbon emissions. Due to the special nature of the automobile industry, emissions reduction actions require carbon inspections throughout the entire life cycle, focusing on the five key areas of the automotive industry, including procurement (raw materials, parts, and third-party services), production, sales, use, and recycling and scrapping. The construction of a green industrial chain should be emphasized to seek the best emissions reduction measures. For example, in terms of materials used in cars, the use of steel materials is gradually decreasing, while the use of chemical materials such as plastics and rubber is increasing. Automotive chemical materials mainly include rubber, plastics, coatings, textile fibers, filling materials, airbag materials, and composite materials. The innovation, low-carbon, recyclability, harmlessness, and other characteristics of these materials also have significant value contributions to comprehensive emissions reduction in the automobile industry.

Digital platforms support emissions reduction in the transportation sector

Emissions reduction in the transportation sector can have a significant impact in the areas of vehicle production and the substitution of new energy vehicles, but the efficiency of transportation processes should not be overlooked, such as the efficiency of freight logistics, deadhead mileage, and personnel transportation. Digital platforms, especially the application of intelligent transportation, provide significant support for improving the efficiency of transportation. Digital platforms also play a significant role in supply chain planning and efficiency improvement, creating low-carbon value for the operation of transportation and providing feasible measures for continuous emissions reduction. This part will also be continuously iterated and improved through AI technology to provide efficient services for transportation and feasible measures for continuous emissions reduction.