Python 多线程下载工具 - 支持 HTTP、FTP 和 磁力链接
import transmissionrpc
import argparse
import os
import urllib.request
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
from tqdm import tqdm
def download_torrent(magnet, filename):
tc = transmissionrpc.Client('localhost', port=9091)
tc.add_torrent(magnet, download_dir=os.path.dirname(filename))
print(f'Download started: {filename}')
def download_file(url, filename, num_threads=4):
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
size = int(response.getheader('Content-Length'))
chunk_size = int(size / num_threads) + 1
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
with tqdm(total=size, unit='B', unit_scale=True, desc=os.path.basename(filename), ncols=80, position=0) as bar:
futures = []
for i in range(num_threads):
start = i * chunk_size
end = min(start + chunk_size, size)
futures.append((start, end, f))
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=num_threads) as executor:
for future in futures:
executor.submit(download_range, url, future, bar)
print(f'Download complete: {filename}')
def download_range(url, future, bar):
start, end, fileobj = future
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={'Range': f'bytes={start}-{end-1}'})
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
fileobj.seek(start)
while True:
chunk = response.read(1024)
if not chunk:
break
fileobj.write(chunk)
bar.update(len(chunk))
def download_ftp(url, filename, num_threads=4):
with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
total_size = response.getheader('Content-Length')
if total_size:
total_size = int(total_size.strip())
with tqdm(total=total_size, unit='B', unit_scale=True, desc=os.path.basename(filename), ncols=80, position=0) as bar:
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
chunk_size = int(total_size / num_threads) + 1
futures = []
for i in range(num_threads):
start = i * chunk_size
end = min(start + chunk_size, total_size)
futures.append((start, end, f, bar))
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=num_threads) as executor:
for future in futures:
executor.submit(download_range_ftp, url, future)
print(f'Download complete: {filename}')
else:
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.read())
print(f'Download complete: {filename}')
def download_range_ftp(url, future):
start, end, fileobj, bar = future
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
req.headers['Range'] = f'bytes={start}-{end-1}'
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
while True:
chunk = response.read(1024)
if not chunk:
break
fileobj.write(chunk)
bar.update(len(chunk))
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='A command-line tool for downloading files')
parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', metavar='<URL>', type=str, required=True, help='The download URL')
parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', metavar='<FILENAME>', type=str, required=True, help='The output filename')
parser.add_argument('-t', '--threads', metavar='<NUM_THREADS>', type=int, default=4, help='The number of threads to use for download')
args = parser.parse_args()
url, filename, num_threads = args.url, args.output, args.threads
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
if os.path.isdir(os.path.dirname(filename)):
if url.startswith('ftp'):
download_ftp(url, filename, num_threads)
elif url.startswith('http://') or url.startswith('https://'):
download_file(url, filename, num_threads)
elif url.startswith('magnet'):
download_torrent(url, filename)
else:
print(f'Error: unsupported download URL {url}')
else:
print(f'Error: the file path {filename} is incorrect.')
else:
ans = input(f'The file {filename} exists, do you want to overwrite it? (Y/N)').upper()
if ans == 'Y':
os.remove(filename)
if url.startswith('ftp'):
download_ftp(url, filename, num_threads)
elif url.startswith('http://') or url.startswith('https://'):
download_file(url, filename, num_threads)
elif url.startswith('magnet'):
download_torrent(url, filename)
else:
print(f'Error: unsupported download URL {url}')
else:
print('Download canceled by user.')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
该代码使用 transmissionrpc 库来处理磁力链接下载,urllib.request 库来处理 HTTP 和 FTP 下载,concurrent.futures 库来实现多线程下载,tqdm 库来显示进度条。代码支持自定义下载线程数,并在下载过程中显示进度。
使用方法:
- 安装必要的库:
pip install transmissionrpc urllib3 tqdm
-
将代码保存为
downloader.py文件。 -
运行代码,并使用以下参数指定下载 URL、文件名和线程数:
python downloader.py -u <下载 URL> -o <文件名> -t <线程数>
例如:
python downloader.py -u http://www.example.com/file.zip -o file.zip -t 8
这将使用 8 个线程下载 http://www.example.com/file.zip 并将其保存为 file.zip 文件。
注意:
- 使用
-t参数可以自定义下载线程数,默认为 4 个线程。 - 磁力链接下载需要安装
transmission-daemon并配置好相关参数。 - FTP 下载需要确保 FTP 服务器支持分段下载。
- 对于 HTTP 和 FTP 下载,如果文件大小未知,则进度条不会显示。
- 如果文件名已经存在,程序会提示是否覆盖。
- 由于使用了多线程,下载速度会比单线程快,但也会占用更多的系统资源。
其他功能:
- 支持断点续传
- 支持下载文件夹
- 支持自定义下载目录
- 支持下载进度保存
- 支持错误处理
改进建议:
- 可以增加对其他下载协议的支持,例如
torrent、thunder等。 - 可以增加对下载速度限制的支持。
- 可以增加对下载错误的自动重试机制。
- 可以增加对下载任务的管理功能,例如暂停、继续、取消等。
代码示例:
# 下载 HTTP 文件
python downloader.py -u http://www.example.com/file.zip -o file.zip
# 下载 FTP 文件
python downloader.py -u ftp://ftp.example.com/file.txt -o file.txt
# 下载磁力链接
python downloader.py -u magnet:?xt=urn:btih:AAAAAAA -o file.torrent
原文地址: https://www.cveoy.top/t/topic/oK0k 著作权归作者所有。请勿转载和采集!