HSV Color Model Distance Calculation: Origins and Applications

The earliest reference to the HSV color model and its distance calculation using the Euclidean distance formula can be found in the paper 'Color Image Processing in the HSI Color Space' by R. G. Keys, published in the IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing in 1981. This paper introduced the HSI color model, which is similar to HSV but uses a different color space transformation. However, the paper also briefly mentioned the HSV color model and its distance calculation, which has since become a widely used method in computer vision and image processing.