铷原子气室偏振方向示意图及微波信号传播方向

The schematic diagram of polarization direction is shown in Figure 1 (b). The cylindrical rubidium atomic cell is placed along the z-axis; the detection light and coupling light propagate in the opposite direction along the z-axis, and the polarization direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane along the y-axis; the microwave signal propagates downward along the y-axis, and the polarization direction is in the x-z plane, with an angle of $\theta$ with the z-axis.