多孩家庭消费结构研究：概念拓展、现状分析与政策建议

While previous research on household consumption structure has focused on consumption categories and proportions, this study expands the concept to include changes in family behavior, beliefs, and psychology. Given the impact of China's birth policy, previous research has rarely focused on multi-child families, and studies have mostly used quantitative methods. This study adopts a qualitative approach, filling the gap in the literature on fertility behavior and household consumption structure. Moreover, this study is highly relevant to current social issues and population policies in China. By exploring the changes in family structure that result from having multiple children, this study sheds light on the problems and challenges that families face after having multiple children, providing insights for addressing the issue of declining birth rates and offering policy recommendations for supporting families. Establishing a sound system of policies to support childbearing and child-rearing requires not only subsidies and tax incentives but also the joint responsibility of the state and society as co-reproducers. This will help reduce the cost of childbearing, child-rearing, and education and address key issues such as housing, childcare, and education. By promoting gender equality, protecting workers' rights, and reducing the burden of child-rearing on families, we can construct a new pattern of child-rearing that aligns with the needs of both the family and the country. However, this study has limitations due to data constraints. For example, it cannot answer the question of whether gender plays a mediating role between fertility behavior and individual consumption. Future research is needed to address this issue. Additionally, because this qualitative study focused on multi-child families, it would be beneficial to interview couples in single-child families for comparison. Finally, the conclusions drawn from the interviewees' experiences in urban areas may not apply to multi-child families in other regions, requiring further empirical research to test the generalizability of the findings.