China's Education Informatization: From Digitization to Intelligent Learning Environments

The State Council of China introduced the 'Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan' in July 2010. This plan incorporated education informatization as a crucial element in the overall strategy for national development. The objective was to utilize advanced information technology tools and methods to digitize various aspects, including the environment, resources, and activities.

The 'Ten-Year Development Plan for Education Informatization', spanning from 2011 to 2020, focused on cultivating students' learning abilities in an informationized environment. It emphasized the necessity of integrating information technology and higher education deeply, as well as innovating the talent training model.

The 'Education Informatization 2.0 Action Plan', implemented in 2018, further emphasized the need to promote the integration of information technology and education. The goal was to harness the revolutionary impact of information technology on education fully. This would lead to the updating of education concepts, changes in teaching methods, and restructuring of the education system.

In line with these plans, the 'Teaching Guidelines for Undergraduate Japanese Major Programs in Regular Higher Education Institutions' emphasized the importance of utilizing modern information technology in Japanese language education. It aimed to create an intelligent teaching environment that combined online and offline resources, physical and virtual experiences, and integrated learning both inside and outside the classroom (Xu, 2020).