2 Major Barriers to International Trade: Tariffs and Non-Tariff Barriers

Tariffs: Tariffs are taxes that governments impose on imported goods. These taxes make imported goods more expensive, which discourages people from buying them. This can lead to decreased trade between countries, as it becomes more expensive for businesses to import and export goods. Tariffs can also be used as a tool to protect domestic industries, by making foreign goods more expensive and giving domestic producers a competitive advantage.

Non-tariff barriers: Non-tariff barriers refer to a wide range of policies and regulations that can make it difficult or expensive for businesses to trade across borders. These can include things like import quotas, licensing requirements, technical standards and regulations, and product testing requirements. Non-tariff barriers can be used to protect domestic industries, but they can also be used as a tool for discrimination against foreign competitors. They can also be used as a way for governments to address health and safety concerns, or other social and environmental priorities.