Pickering Emulsion Microstructure Analysis Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)

A Leica TCS SP5 confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM, Leica Microsystems Inc., Heidelberg, Germany) was used to capture the microstructure of Pickering emulsions. The emulsions were stained with a mixed fluorescent dye solution containing 1 mg/mL Nile Red (for protein) and 1 mg/mL Nile Blue A (for oil). The stained emulsions were examined on concave slides covered with coverslips using a 100× oil immersion lens and lasers with excitation lines of 488 nm (argon krypton) and 633 nm (helium neon).