Python NetworkX 可视化 Tracert 路由追踪

首先，需要安装 networkx 库和 matplotlib 库。可以使用以下命令进行安装：

pip install networkx
pip install matplotlib

接着，可以使用以下代码实现 tracert 路由追踪可视化：

import subprocess
import re
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 获取IP地址和RTT信息
def get_ip_rtt(line):
    p = re.compile('\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+')
    ip = re.findall(p, line)
    p = re.compile('\d+\.?\d*')
    rtt = re.findall(p, line)
    if len(ip) > 0 and len(rtt) > 0:
        return ip[0], float(rtt[-1])
    else:
        return None, None

# 获取跃点数
def get_hop(line):
    p = re.compile('\d+')
    hop = re.findall(p, line)
    if len(hop) > 0:
        return int(hop[0])
    else:
        return None

# 获取路由追踪结果
def tracert(target):
    cmd = ['tracert', '-d', '-w', '100', '-h', '30', target]
    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    out, err = p.communicate()
    return out.decode('gbk')

# 绘制路由追踪结果
def draw_trace(trace):
    G = nx.Graph()
    last_hop = 0
    last_ip = None
    for line in trace.split('\n'):
        if 'ms' in line:
            hop = get_hop(line)
            ip, rtt = get_ip_rtt(line)
            if ip is not None and hop is not None:
                if hop > last_hop:
                    G.add_edge(last_ip, ip, weight=rtt)
                last_hop = hop
                last_ip = ip
    pos = nx.spring_layout(G)
    nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True, font_weight='bold')
    labels = nx.get_edge_attributes(G, 'weight')
    nx.draw_networkx_edge_labels(G, pos, edge_labels=labels)
    plt.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    target = input('请输入目标IP地址：')
    trace = tracert(target)
    draw_trace(trace)

运行程序后，输入目标IP地址，即可绘制出路由追踪结果的网络拓扑图。每个节点代表一个路由器，每条边代表两个路由器之间的连接，边上的数字代表两个路由器之间的RTT时间。