Senior Students Exhibit Higher Self-Efficacy Across Academic, Learning, and Behavioral Domains

In terms of grade groupings, seniors had higher values compared to sophomores across all means. The mean for academic self-efficacy was 2.939 for seniors and 3.104 for sophomores. For student learning ability self-efficacy, seniors had a mean of 3.192 compared to sophomores' mean of 2.947. Finally, for academic behavior self-efficacy, the mean for seniors was 3.015 while sophomores had a mean of 2.930.