Python Bitwise Operations: Understanding function_2(3, 8)

The output of the code is 11.

Explanation:

• The binary representation of 3 is 011 and the binary representation of 8 is 1000.
• The bitwise AND of 3 and 8 is 0000, which is equal to 0.
• The bitwise XOR of 3 and 8 is 1011, which is equal to 11 in decimal.
• Since the bitwise AND of 3 and 8 is 0, the function returns the bitwise XOR result, which is 11.