Transformer Economic Operation: Principles, Benefits, and Application Scenarios

Abstract: 'Economic operation of transformers refers to the selection of the optimal operation mode and load adjustment to minimize energy loss under the same transmission capacity. In other words, economic operation is to fully exert the efficiency of the transformer and choose the operation mode reasonably, thereby reducing electricity consumption. Therefore, economic operation of transformers does not require investment, as long as scientific management of power supply and consumption is strengthened, the purpose of energy saving and power factor improvement can be achieved. The economic operation of transformers not only depends on the economic operation mode, but also on the manufacturing level of the transformers. According to the frequently loaded condition of transformers, it can be roughly divided into four situations: one is the transformer that is often operated at full load or near full load; the second is the transformer that is often operated at half load; the third is the transformer that is often operated at less than half load; and the fourth is the transformer that is often operated at light load or no load. Eddy current loss and hysteresis loss are caused by the excitation current generating alternating magnetic flux in the transformer core. Eddy current loss is the heat loss caused by the induced current in the core, which is inversely proportional to the resistance of the core. Hysteresis loss is the heat generated by the periodic rotation of magnetic domains in the core under the action of alternating magnetic fields, and its loss size is determined by the hysteresis loop.'