Python3 代码优化：使用 subprocess.Popen 获取视频信息并换行

Python3 代码优化：使用 subprocess.Popen 获取视频信息并换行/n/n本文介绍如何使用 Python3 中的 subprocess.Popen 模块获取视频信息，并对代码进行优化，使其更易读，更易于维护。主要解决 subprocess.Popen 代码超出屏幕的问题，并提供其他代码优化建议。/n/n优化后的代码：/n/npython/nimport os/nimport re/nimport subprocess/nimport openpyxl/nimport math/nfrom openpyxl.styles import Font, PatternFill, Alignment/n/n# 视频格式/nsupported_formats = [/n '.mp4',/n '.avi',/n '.mkv',/n '.wmv',/n '.mov',/n '.flv',/n '.m2ts',/n '.ts',/n '.rm',/n '.rmvb',/n '.vob',/n '.3gp',/n '.webm',/n '.hdmov',/n '.mp4v',/n '.mpv4',/n '.divx',/n '.xvid',/n '.f4v',/n '.mpeg',/n '.asf',/n '.asx',/n '.m2t',/n]/n/n# 输出Excel路径/nexcel_folder = '.'/n/n# 输出Excel文件名/nexcel_file = 'video_info.xlsx'/n/n# 正则表达式匹配码率数据中的空格/npattern = re.compile(r'(/d+)/s+(/d+)')/n/n# 创建Excel文件/nwb = openpyxl.Workbook()/nws = wb.active/nws.title = 'Video Info'/n/n# 锁定表头/nws.freeze_panes = 'A2'/n/n# 设置表头样式/nheader_font = Font(bold=True, color='800080') # 紫色/nheader_fill = PatternFill('solid', fgColor='C5E0B4')/nheader_alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')/nheaders = [/n '文件名',/n '文件路径',/n '格式',/n '大小',/n '时长',/n '分辨率',/n '码率',/n '帧率',/n '音频码率',/n '音频采样率',/n '音频语言',/n '压缩比率',/n '文件总数',/n]/nfor col, header in enumerate(headers, start=1):/n cell = ws.cell(row=1, column=col, value=header)/n cell.font = header_font/n cell.fill = header_fill/n cell.alignment = header_alignment/n/n# 处理失败文件个数/nfailed_count = 0/n/n# 总计处理文件数/ntotal_count = 0/n/n# 遍历所有视频文件/nsuccess_count = 0/nrow = 2 # 从第二行开始写入数据/n/ndef process_video(video_file):/n global success_count, row, failed_count/n try:/n # 获取文件名/n file_name = os.path.basename(video_file)/n/n # 获取文件大小/n size_str = convert_size(os.path.getsize(video_file))/n/n # 使用mediainfo获取视频信息 / 音频信息/n video_proc = subprocess.Popen([/n 'mediainfo',/n '--Inform=Video;%Format%|%Width%x%Height%|%BitRate/String%|%FrameRate%|%Duration/String3%',/n video_file/n ], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)/n audio_proc = subprocess.Popen([/n 'mediainfo',/n '--Inform=Audio;%BitRate/String%|%SamplingRate/String%|%Language/String%',/n video_file/n ], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)/n/n # 获取输出结果/n video_output = video_proc.communicate()[0].decode().strip()/n audio_output = audio_proc.communicate()[0].decode().strip()/n/n # 解析输出结果/n video_info = video_output.split('|')/n audio_info = audio_output.split('|')/n/n # 处理多音轨情况/n audio_bitrate, audio_sampling_rate, audio_lang = zip(*[(audio_info[i*3], /n audio_info[i*3+1], audio_info[i*3+2]) for i in range(len(audio_info)//3)])/n/n # 时长取整/n duration = video_info[4].split('.')[0]/n h, m, s = duration.split(':')/n duration = f'{h}:{m}:{str(s).zfill(2)}'/n/n # 以分钟计算的时长/n duration_minutes = int(h) * 60 + int(m) + math.ceil(float(s)) / 60/n/n # 计算压缩比率/n ratio = round(duration_minutes / os.path.getsize(video_file) * 1000000000, 2)/n/n # 使用正则表达式替换码率数据中第1、2数字之间的空格/n bitrate = re.sub(pattern, r'//1//2', video_info[2])/n/n # 写入Excel文件/n write_cell(ws, row, 1, file_name)/n write_cell(ws, row, 2, os.path.dirname(video_file)) # 写入文件路径/n write_cell(ws, row, 3, video_info[0])/n write_cell(ws, row, 4, size_str)/n write_cell(ws, row, 5, duration)/n write_cell(ws, row, 6, video_info[1])/n write_cell(ws, row, 7, bitrate)/n write_cell(ws, row, 8, video_info[3])/n write_cell(ws, row, 9, ' / '.join(audio_bitrate))/n write_cell(ws, row, 10, ' / '.join(audio_sampling_rate))/n write_cell(ws, row, 11, ' / '.join(audio_lang))/n write_cell(ws, row, 12, ratio)/n write_cell(ws, 2, 13, total_count) # 写入文件总数/n/n # 打印进度/n success_count += 1/n row += 1/n/n except Exception as e:/n # 处理失败, 跳过并打印文件/n failed_count += 1/n print(f'处理文件 {video_file} 时失败：{e}')/n # 写入失败到err.txt/n with open('err.txt', 'a') as f:/n f.write(f'{video_file}//n')/n return False/n/n return True/n/ndef process_folder(video_folder):/n global total_count/n # 获取视频文件递归/n video_files = []/n for root, dirs, files in os.walk(video_folder):/n for file in files:/n if os.path.splitext(file)[1] in supported_formats:/n video_files.append(os.path.join(root, file))/n total_count = len(video_files)/n if total_count == 0:/n print('无视频文件或路径为空')/n else:/n for i, video_file in enumerate(video_files, start=1):/n if process_video(video_file):/n print(f'已处理 {success_count}/{total_count} 共计', end='//r')/n else:/n print(f'处理文件 {i}/{total_count} 时失败', end='//r')/n print(f'已处理 {success_count}/{total_count} 共计')/n/ndef convert_size(size):/n # 转换单位/n units = ['B', 'KiB', 'MiB', 'GiB']/n i = 0/n while size >= 1024 and i < len(units)-1:/n size /= 1024/n i += 1/n return f'{size:.2f} {units[i]}'/n/ndef write_cell(ws, row, col, value):/n # 写入Excel/n cell = ws.cell(row=row, column=col, value=value)/n if col == 13:/n cell.font = Font(bold=True, color='FF0000')/n if col in [10, 11, 13]:/n cell.alignment = Alignment(horizontal='left')/n else:/n cell.alignment = Alignment(horizontal='center')/n if col not in [3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]:/n ws.column_dimensions[cell.column_letter].width = 11/n/n# 文件路径/npath = input('请输入文件路径：')/nif os.path.isfile(path):/n # 1个文件 total_count += 1/n total_count = 1 /n process_video(path)/nelif os.path.isdir(path):/n process_folder(path) /n/nif total_count > 0:/n # 保存Excel文件/n os.makedirs(excel_folder, exist_ok=True)/n excel_file_path = os.path.join(excel_folder, excel_file)/n wb.save(excel_file_path)/n/n # 打印处理失败文件个数和总计处理文件数/n print(/n f'成功处理 {success_count} 个文件, 失败 {failed_count} 个文件, 视频信息已保存到 {excel_file_path}'/n )/n/n/n代码优化说明：/n/n1. 代码换行: 使用多行语句将 subprocess.Popen 的命令参数拆分，使代码更易读，并避免超过屏幕宽度。/n2. 使用变量: 将 subprocess.Popen 的结果存储到变量中，方便后续使用。/n3. 注释: 在代码中添加详细的注释，解释代码功能和逻辑。/n4. 变量命名: 使用更具描述性的变量名，例如 video_proc、audio_proc、video_output、audio_output 等。/n5. 格式化字符串: 使用格式化字符串（f-string）使代码更简洁。/n/n其他建议：/n/n* 可以将一些重复的代码块封装成函数，提高代码的可重用性。/n* 可以使用错误处理机制，例如 try-except 块，捕获运行时错误并进行处理。/n* 可以使用更强大的正则表达式库，例如 regex 库，提高代码的效率。/n/n总结：/n/n通过对代码进行优化，使其更易读，更易于维护，提高代码的质量。同时，使用更强大的工具和库，可以进一步提高代码的效率和功能。/n