The Heterogeneous Impact of Intelligent Development on Human Capital Mismatch: Evidence from Urban Economic Growth

From an economic development perspective, the heterogeneous impact of intelligent development on human capital mismatch can be assessed through two dimensions. Firstly, population size, which is categorized into 'small and medium-sized cities', 'big cities', 'super-large cities', and 'super-cities' based on their respective populations of below 1 million, 1 million to 5 million, 5 million to 10 million, and over 10 million. Secondly, per capita output value, which is separated into 'developed cities' above the average level and 'underdeveloped cities' based on the average per capita GDP in each year. Our analysis indicates that intelligent development is particularly effective in mitigating the human capital mismatch in 'small and medium-sized cities' and 'underdeveloped cities'. Improving infrastructure level through intelligent means is the most significant factor in reducing this mismatch, with every 1% increase leading to a 1.25% reduction in 'small and medium-sized cities' and a 0.46% reduction in 'underdeveloped cities'. Additionally, intelligent application can also improve the human capital mismatch in 'small and medium-sized cities' and have a positive impact on 'developed cities'.