Python 班级花名册代码示例 - 完整指南

以下是一个 Python 班级花名册的代码示例：

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, id, gender, age):
        self.name = name
        self.id = id
        self.gender = gender
        self.age = age

class ClassRoster:
    def __init__(self):
        self.roster = []

    def add_student(self, student):
        self.roster.append(student)

    def remove_student(self, id):
        for student in self.roster:
            if student.id == id:
                self.roster.remove(student)
                return True
        return False

    def get_student_by_id(self, id):
        for student in self.roster:
            if student.id == id:
                return student
        return None

    def get_student_by_name(self, name):
        matches = []
        for student in self.roster:
            if student.name == name:
                matches.append(student)
        return matches

    def get_student_by_gender(self, gender):
        matches = []
        for student in self.roster:
            if student.gender == gender:
                matches.append(student)
        return matches

    def get_student_by_age(self, age):
        matches = []
        for student in self.roster:
            if student.age == age:
                matches.append(student)
        return matches

roster = ClassRoster()
roster.add_student(Student('John Smith', 12345, 'M', 18))
roster.add_student(Student('Jane Doe', 67890, 'F', 17))
roster.add_student(Student('Jack Johnson', 24680, 'M', 16))

print('All students:')
for student in roster.roster:
    print(student.name)

print('\nFinding student by ID 12345:')
student = roster.get_student_by_id(12345)
if student:
    print(student.name)
else:
    print('Student not found')

print('\nFinding students by name 'John Smith':')
students = roster.get_student_by_name('John Smith')
if students:
    for student in students:
        print(student.id)
else:
    print('No students found')

print('\nRemoving student with ID 67890:')
if roster.remove_student(67890):
    print('Student removed')
else:
    print('Student not found')

print('\nAll male students:')
male_students = roster.get_student_by_gender('M')
for student in male_students:
    print(student.name)

print('\nAll students aged 16:')
age_16_students = roster.get_student_by_age(16)
for student in age_16_students:
    print(student.name)

这个班级花名册有三个主要的类：学生 (Student)、班级花名册 (ClassRoster) 和主程序。学生类有四个属性：姓名、学号、性别和年龄。班级花名册类包含一个学生数组，并有一些方法用于在数组中添加、删除和查找学生。主程序创建了一个班级花名册对象，向其中添加了三个学生，并演示了如何使用班级花名册中的不同方法来查找学生。

这只是一个简单的示例，你可以根据自己的需要添加更多功能，例如：

• 添加学生成绩
• 按成绩排序学生
• 导出学生信息到文件
• 使用数据库来存储学生信息

希望这个代码示例能帮助你学习如何使用 Python 编写一个班级花名册程序。