Tm-Ho Co-doped Material for Miniaturized Lasers: Advantages and Challenges

A Tm-Ho co-doped material is an ideal candidate for miniaturized laser systems due to its efficient cross relaxation and quick energy transfer processes. However, the up-conversion process can lead to excessive heat, which presents challenges in heat management and limits the high power output and beam quality. Therefore, further research is needed to address these limitations and optimize the performance of Tm-Ho co-doped materials for practical applications.