Tm,Ho:YAG Laser Output Power: A Review and Recent Advancements

Since then, there have been no reports of Tm,Ho:YAG crystals producing an output power exceeding 10W. However, in 2014, Zhang Chao et.al utilized two side-pumped laser modules with Tm:YAG and Tm,Ho:YAG in the same cavity, resulting in a continuous wave output power of 37W at 2.1μm [14]. This is currently the highest output power achieved with co-doped Tm,Ho:YAG at 2.09μm. It is important to note that the optical-to-optical efficiency for this system is only 3.1% due to large up-conversion losses.