Based on our spot investigation and information from the Master the causes of the incidents were listed as belowThe Master & CO of the vessel did not familiar with the regulation of Marpol 7378 A

Based on our on-site investigation and information provided by the Master, the following causes of the incidents have been identified:

1. Lack of familiarity with Marpol 73/78 Annex V regulations and the National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB3552-2018 by the Master and Chief Officer of the vessel. It was not clear to them that Bohai Sea water is considered inland water of China.

2. During daytime navigation in a two-way channel and while flushing the hatch cover, the crew failed to notice water on the deck flowing into the sea from the stern of the ship. This oversight was particularly evident among crew members who frequently work in the Bohai Sea area and are more sensitive to such occurrences.