请根据以下段落的上下文意思将其翻译为英文科研论文。段落为：众所周知材料在使用过程中受到外力等作用会产生微裂纹由于微裂纹难以及时发现和修复降低了材料的力学性能并且缩短了其使用寿命限制了其应用范围2。因此在裂纹形成初期及时修复裂纹尤其是实现材料的自我修复对于提高材料的利用率具有重要意义。自修复的理念来源于生物皮肤的损伤愈合其核心是材料内部储存的修复剂的释放与聚合或者材料内部可逆相互作用的重新形成。自修

As known, materials will generate micro cracks under the effect of external forces during use. Due to the difficulty of timely detection and repair of micro cracks, the mechanical performance of materials is reduced and their service life is shortened, limiting their application range [2]. Therefore, timely repair of cracks, especially the realization of self-repair of materials, is of great significance for improving the utilization efficiency of materials. The concept of self-repair originates from the healing of biological skin damage, which involves the release and polymerization of repair agents stored inside the material or the reformation of reversible interactions within the material. Self-repairing materials can perceive changes in the external environment and respond appropriately, ultimately restoring their own performance. They are a widely applicable and urgently needed type of smart material [5,6]. According to previous research, self-repairing materials can be divided into two categories. The first category is exogenous, which refers to filling the material with composite functional substances to achieve self-repair [7-12]. Typical repair methods include microcapsule and hollow fiber methods, where the repair mechanism involves adding monomer-containing microcapsules to the material. When the material is damaged, the cracks propagate within the material, and the monomers in the microcapsules are released and come into contact with the catalyst in the material matrix, triggering polymerization and ultimately repairing the damage. However, this type of repair method has obvious limitations, as the repair agents encapsulated in the microcapsules are limited, and once the repair agents are depleted, the material loses its self-repair ability. The second category is intrinsic, which refers to providing energy to the material to enable covalent or non-covalent interactions within the material itself for self-repair [13-15]. In the absence of external repair agents, reversible interactions are introduced into the polymer matrix material, giving it dynamic characteristics and environmental responsiveness, thus achieving self-repair [16-21]. Compared with exogenous self-repairing materials, the biggest advantage of intrinsic self-repairing materials is that they can theoretically achieve multiple self-repairs