请给主编为杨金才和王海萌的文学导论作一个每章知识点归纳给出定义并阐述用英文输出

Chapter 1: Introduction to Literature

• Definition of literature: Literature refers to written or spoken works of art that use language to express ideas, emotions, and experiences.
• Elements of literature: The main elements of literature include plot, character, setting, theme, and style.
• Forms of literature: Literature can be classified into various forms such as poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and folklore.

Chapter 2: Understanding Literary Analysis

• Definition of literary analysis: Literary analysis is the process of examining a literary work to understand its meaning, structure, and techniques used by the author.
• Approaches to literary analysis: There are various approaches to literary analysis such as formalist, historical, feminist, psychoanalytic, and reader-response.
• Literary devices: Literary devices are techniques used by authors to enhance the meaning and impact of their work. Examples include metaphor, simile, imagery, symbolism, and irony.

Chapter 3: The Role of the Author

• Definition of authorship: Authorship refers to the act of creating a literary work and taking responsibility for its content and style.
• Authorial intention: Authorial intention refers to the author's purpose or message behind their work.
• Authorial identity: Authorial identity refers to the personal and social factors that influence an author's writing, such as their background, experiences, and values.

Chapter 4: The Role of the Reader

• Definition of reader response: Reader response is the process of interpreting a literary work based on the reader's personal experiences, beliefs, and emotions.
• Reader as co-creator: The reader's interpretation and reaction to a literary work can shape its meaning and significance.
• Reader as critic: Critical reading involves analyzing a literary work to evaluate its effectiveness, meaning, and relevance.

Chapter 5: Literary Movements and Genres

• Definition of literary movements: Literary movements are periods of time when a group of writers share a common style, theme, or approach to literature.
• Examples of literary movements: Some examples of literary movements include Romanticism, Realism, Modernism, and Postmodernism.
• Definition of genres: Genres are categories of literature that share common characteristics such as form, style, and subject matter.
• Examples of genres: Some examples of genres include poetry, drama, novel, short story, and essay.

Chapter 6: Literature and Society

• Literature as reflection of society: Literature can reflect the values, beliefs, and social issues of a particular time and place.
• Literature as agent of change: Literature can also challenge and transform social norms and attitudes through its portrayal of diverse perspectives and experiences.
• Literature as cultural heritage: Literature can preserve and celebrate the cultural heritage of a society through its representation of its history, traditions, and identity