妊娠期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停：一种常见且危险的疾病

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是一种常见的睡眠障碍，其特征是在睡眠期间反复出现完全或部分上呼吸道阻塞。OSA 在妊娠期间的患病率很高，并且与多种不良妊娠结局相关，例如：

妊娠期高血压
子痫前期
妊娠期糖尿病
早产
低出生体重
胎儿生长受限

OSA 是一种独立的危险因素，这意味着即使在考虑了其他风险因素后，它仍然会增加这些并发症的风险。

气道正压通气治疗：改善 OSA 和妊娠结局的有效方法

及时治疗对于改善妊娠期 OSA 甚至逆转不良妊娠结局至关重要。气道正压通气 (PAP) 治疗是妊娠期 OSA 的一线治疗方法。PAP 治疗通过持续的气流来保持上呼吸道通畅，从而防止睡眠期间呼吸道塌陷。

研究表明，PAP 治疗可以有效改善 OSA 症状，降低妊娠期高血压、子痫前期和妊娠期糖尿病的风险，并改善妊娠结局。

本文目的：提高临床医生对妊娠期 OSA 的认识和治疗

本文综述了妊娠期 OSA 的最新研究进展，包括其患病率、风险因素、不良妊娠结局和治疗方法。

本文旨在：

提高临床工作者对妊娠期 OSA 的诊治的重视程度
为临床治疗提供循证医学支持

希望通过本文，能够帮助临床医生更好地识别、诊断和治疗妊娠期 OSA，从而改善孕产妇和胎儿的健康。

英文版：

Obstructive Sleep Apnea During Pregnancy: A Common and Serious Condition

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repeated episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep. OSA has a high incidence rate during pregnancy and is associated with various adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as:

Gestational hypertension
Preeclampsia
Gestational diabetes
Preterm birth
Low birth weight
Fetal growth restriction

OSA is an independent risk factor, meaning it increases the risk of these complications even after considering other risk factors.

Positive Airway Pressure Therapy: An Effective Treatment for Improving OSA and Pregnancy Outcomes

Timely treatment is crucial for improving pregnancy-related OSA and even reversing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy is the first-line treatment for OSA during pregnancy. PAP therapy works by delivering a continuous flow of air to keep the upper airway open, preventing airway collapse during sleep.

Studies have shown that PAP therapy can effectively improve OSA symptoms, reduce the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes, and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of This Article: To Enhance Awareness and Treatment of Pregnancy-Related OSA Among Clinicians

This article reviews the latest research progress on pregnancy-related OSA, including its prevalence, risk factors, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and treatment methods.

This article aims to:

Enhance the awareness of clinical practitioners towards the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related OSA
Provide evidence-based support for clinical management

It is hoped that through this article, clinicians can better identify, diagnose, and treat pregnancy-related OSA, thereby improving the health of pregnant women and fetuses.