Graphene a unique CMOS-compatible two-dimensional 2D material provides great potential in the realization of high-performance optoelectronic devices 5 6 7 8 9 10 In particular significant efforts have

Graphene, a two-dimensional (2D) material that is compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, holds significant promise for the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices. Research has focused on utilizing graphene's unique properties to create efficient photodetectors (PDs) for a wide range of applications. Graphene PDs offer several advantages, including extremely high carrier mobility, which enhances their performance, and a zero bandgap property that allows for wavelength-independent light absorption across a broad range of spectra. Additionally, the optoelectronic properties of graphene can be tuned to achieve specific performance characteristics. As a result, graphene PDs can offer a large spectral bandwidth and high-speed operation