The building industry is responsible for roughly a third of global energy demand as well as anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions Lucon and Urge-Vorsatz 2014 Considering this relatively large impact

The building industry is responsible for approximately one-third of global energy demand and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (Lucon and Urge-Vorsatz, 2014). Given this significant impact, it is crucial to ensure that buildings are designed, constructed, and operated sustainably. Furthermore, over 50% of the global population resides in cities (United Nations, 2014), making cities pivotal in achieving sustainability (Rees, Wackernagel, 1996). As the densification of buildings is inevitable, tall buildings are becoming increasingly important in the future.

To achieve optimal energy performance, the focus has primarily been on developing more efficient building systems such as HVAC, lighting, and shading. However, the impact of a tall building's structure on overall energy performance has received limited attention in the scientific literature.

In his groundbreaking work, Yeang (1999) was the first to investigate the interaction between the placement of the structural core and energy performance in tall buildings. He examined four types of core placement (central, edge, half sides, and sides), along with four types of floor plan shapes and the orientation of the floor plan itself. Yeang compared the energy performance of various combinations in different climate zones (cool, temperate, arid, and tropical) and determined the optimal building configuration for each. However, he did not perform a structural analysis and neglected the impact of core or wall placement and floor plan variations