论文润色：脑背外侧前额叶皮质DLPFC是重复经颅磁刺激rTMS减轻疼痛的重要靶点。然而DLPFC-rTMS的镇痛效果需要优化机制仍不清楚。同时进行经颅磁刺激和脑电图TMS-EEG能够评估运动皮层以外的神经可塑性变化。本研究旨在利用TMS-EEG研究与DLPFC镇痛相关的局部和分布式神经可塑性变化。34名健康成年人以随机、交叉设计接受DLPFC或假刺激。在每个会话中参与者在10赫兹rTMS前后接受冷

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is an important target for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in reducing pain. However, the pain-relieving effect of DLPFC-rTMS needs to be optimized, and the mechanisms are still unclear. Simultaneously combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can evaluate neuroplasticity changes beyond the motor cortex. This study aims to use TMS-EEG to investigate local and distributed neuroplasticity changes related to DLPFC analgesia. Thirty-four healthy adults received DLPFC or sham stimulation in a random, crossover design. In each session, participants underwent cold pain and TMS-EEG evaluations before and after 10 Hz rTMS. We provide new findings that DLPFC analgesia is associated with smaller N120 amplitudes in the contralateral prefrontal cortex and larger N120 peaks in the ipsilateral insular cortex. In addition, there is a strong negative correlation between N120 changes in these two regions, which is related to amplitude changes and an increase in pain threshold. Furthermore, DLPFC stimulation enhances coherence between the prefrontal and somatosensory cortex in gamma oscillations. Overall, our data provide new evidence on local and distributed neuroplasticity changes related to DLPFC analgesia