Efficient Cooling System for Tm,Ho:YAG Crystal and LD Arrays using Water and a Bonded Copper Heat Sink

A Tm,Ho:YAG crystal rod is enclosed within a glass tube for efficient cooling. Water at a temperature of 12 ℃ circulates around the glass tube, effectively removing heat from the crystal. The LD arrays responsible for pumping the crystal are temperature-regulated using a separate system. Deionized water flows through a bonded copper heat sink, which is in contact with the LD arrays. This system maintains the LD arrays at a stable temperature of 20 ℃, ensuring optimal performance.