AI and Human Capital: Efficiency Gains in Different Firm Types

AI and human capital (HIC) have a more positive impact on non-state-owned and growing firms, particularly in terms of efficiency improvement. This is especially true for efficiency enhancement, where AI and HIC exert a stronger effect on these firms. Conversely, human capital is more effective in enhancing the input-output efficiency of state-owned firms. This difference might stem from the stronger motivation of non-state-owned firms to reduce costs and increase efficiency through human-AI collaboration. Additionally, growing firms tend to benefit more from AI and HIC as they can quickly learn and adopt advanced technology to increase productivity while entering the market. This aligns with the firm's dynamic life cycle theory, which posits that newcomers and younger firms tend to increase productivity faster than older firms through learning by doing and mastering advanced technology in one step.