AI and Human Capital Impact on Firm Efficiency: A Comparative Study

Both AI and HIC have a more positive impact on non-state-owned firms and growing firms, with the latter experiencing a stronger improvement in efficiency. On the other hand, human capital is more effective in enhancing the input-output efficiency of state-owned firms. This suggests that non-state-owned firms are more motivated to reduce costs and increase efficiency through human-AI cooperation, compared to state-owned firms. Additionally, growing firms tend to increase productivity faster than older firms by quickly learning and adopting advanced technology as they enter the market, in line with the firm's dynamic life cycle theory.