Input-Output Efficiency Assessment using Data Envelopment Analysis

The study focuses on input-output efficiency (EF) as the dependent variable. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), proposed by Charnes et al. (1978), is a nonparametric method used to compare relative efficiency among decision units. DEA does not require a specific form of the generating function or evaluation criteria, and instead relies on input-output data to assess the efficiency of each unit.