• 日期: 2025-09-17
  • 标签: 常规

C语言图书管理系统：使用链表实现增删改查

这段代码实现了一个简单的图书管理系统，主要功能包括：

  • 添加图书
  • 删除图书
  • 修改图书信息
  • 查找图书
  • 借阅图书
  • 归还图书
  • 显示所有图书

代码实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct Node {
    char bookCode[20];
    char bookName[50];
    char author[50];
    char publisher[50];
    char bookkind[50];
    char bookkinds[50];
    float price;
    int quantity;
    int borrowed;
    struct Node *next;
} BookNode;

BookNode *head = NULL;

void loadBookData() {
    FILE *file = fopen('book_storage.txt', 'r');
    if (file == NULL) {
        return;
    }

    char line[200];
    while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), file) != NULL) { 
        BookNode *newNode = (BookNode *)malloc(sizeof(BookNode));
        sscanf(line, '%s', newNode->bookCode);
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%[^
]', newNode->bookName); // 读取带空格的字符串
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%[^
]', newNode->author); // 读取带空格的字符串
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%[^
]', newNode->publisher); // 读取带空格的字符串
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%[^
]', newNode->bookkind); // 读取带空格的字符串
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%[^
]', newNode->bookkinds); // 读取带空格的字符串
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%f', &newNode->price);
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%d', &newNode->quantity);
        fgets(line, sizeof(line), file);
        sscanf(line, '%d', &newNode->borrowed);
        newNode->next = NULL;

        if (head == NULL) {
            head = newNode;
        } else {
            BookNode *current = head;
            while (current->next != NULL) {
                current = current->next;
            }
            current->next = newNode;
        }
    }

    fclose(file);
}

void saveBookData() {
    FILE *file = fopen('book_storage.txt', 'w');
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf('无法保存图书信息！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->bookCode);
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->bookName);
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->author);
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->publisher);
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->bookkind);
        fprintf(file, '%s\n', current->bookkinds);
        fprintf(file, '%.2f\n', current->price);
        fprintf(file, '%d\n', current->quantity);
        fprintf(file, '%d\n', current->borrowed);

        current = current->next;
    }

    fclose(file);
}

void addBook() {
    BookNode *newNode = (BookNode *)malloc(sizeof(BookNode));
    printf('请输入图书编号：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->bookCode);
    printf('请输入书名：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->bookName);
    printf('请输入作者：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->author);
    printf('请输入出版社：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->publisher);
    printf('请输入图书种类：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->bookkind);
    printf('请输入图书种类编号：');
    scanf('%s', newNode->bookkinds);
    printf('请输入价格：');
    scanf('%f', &newNode->price);
    printf('请输入数量：');
    scanf('%d', &newNode->quantity);
    newNode->borrowed = 0;
    newNode->next = NULL;

    if (head == NULL) {
        head = newNode;
    } else {
        BookNode *current = head;
        while (current->next != NULL) {
            current = current->next;
        }
        current->next = newNode;
    }

    printf('添加成功！\n');
}

void deleteBook() {
    char bookCode[20];
    printf('请输入要删除的图书编号：');
    scanf('%s', bookCode);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
        return;
    }

    if (strcmp(head->bookCode, bookCode) == 0) {
        BookNode *temp = head;
        head = head->next;
        free(temp);
        printf('删除成功！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current->next != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->next->bookCode, bookCode) == 0) {
            BookNode *temp = current->next;
            current->next = temp->next;
            free(temp);
            printf('删除成功！\n');
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
}

void modifyBook() {
    char bookCode[20];
    printf('请输入要修改的图书编号：');
    scanf('%s', bookCode);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->bookCode, bookCode) == 0) {
            printf('请输入新的书名：');
            scanf('%s', current->bookName);
            printf('请输入新的作者：');
            scanf('%s', current->author);
            printf('请输入新的出版社：');
            scanf('%s', current->publisher);
            printf('请输入新的图书种类：');
            scanf('%s', current->bookkind);
            printf('请输入新的图书种类编号：');
            scanf('%s', current->bookkinds);
            printf('请输入新的价格：');
            scanf('%f', &current->price);
            printf('请输入新的数量：');
            scanf('%d', &current->quantity);
            printf('修改成功！\n');
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
}

void searchBook() {
    char bookName[50];
    printf('请输入要查找的书名：');
    scanf('%s', bookName);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    int found = 0;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->bookName, bookName) == 0) {
            printf('图书编号：%s\n', current->bookCode);
            printf('书名：%s\n', current->bookName);
            printf('作者：%s\n', current->author);
            printf('出版社：%s\n', current->publisher);
            printf('图书种类：%s\n', current->bookkind);
            printf('图书种类编号：%s\n', current->bookkinds);
            printf('价格：%.2f\n', current->price);
            printf('数量：%d\n', current->quantity);
            printf('借阅状态：%s\n', current->borrowed ? '已借出' : '未借出');
            found = 1;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    if (!found) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
    }
}

void borrowBook() {
    char bookCode[20];
    printf('请输入要借阅的图书编号：');
    scanf('%s', bookCode);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->bookCode, bookCode) == 0) {
            if (current->borrowed) {
                printf('该图书已借出！\n');
            } else {
                current->borrowed = 1;
                printf('借阅成功！\n');
            }
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
}

void returnBook() {
    char bookCode[20];
    printf('请输入要归还的图书编号：');
    scanf('%s', bookCode);

    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        if (strcmp(current->bookCode, bookCode) == 0) {
            if (current->borrowed) {
                current->borrowed = 0;
                printf('归还成功！\n');
            } else {
                printf('该图书未借出！\n');
            }
            return;
        }
        current = current->next;
    }

    printf('没有找到相关图书！\n');
}

void displayAllBooks() {
    if (head == NULL) {
        printf('没有图书信息！\n');
        return;
    }

    BookNode *current = head;
    while (current != NULL) {
        printf('图书编号：%s\n', current->bookCode);
        printf('书名：%s\n', current->bookName);
        printf('作者：%s\n', current->author);
        printf('出版社：%s\n', current->publisher);
        printf('图书种类：%s\n', current->bookkind);
        printf('图书种类编号：%s\n', current->bookkinds);
        printf('价格：%.2f\n', current->price);
        printf('数量：%d\n', current->quantity);
        printf('借阅状态：%s\n', current->borrowed ? '已借出' : '未借出');
        printf('\n');
        current = current->next;
    }
}

int main() {
    loadBookData();

    int choice;
    while (1) {
        printf('\n');
        printf('1. 添加图书\n');
        printf('2. 删除图书\n');
        printf('3. 修改图书信息\n');
        printf('4. 查找图书\n');
        printf('5. 借阅图书\n');
        printf('6. 归还图书\n');
        printf('7. 显示所有图书\n');
        printf('8. 退出\n');
        printf('请选择操作：');
        scanf('%d', &choice);

        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addBook();
                saveBookData();
                break;
            case 2:
                deleteBook();
                saveBookData();
                break;
            case 3:
                modifyBook();
                saveBookData();
                break;
            case 4:
                searchBook();
                break;
            case 5:
                borrowBook();
                saveBookData();
                break;
            case 6:
                returnBook();
                saveBookData();
                break;
            case 7:
                displayAllBooks();
                break;
            case 8:
                saveBookData();
                exit(0);
            default:
                printf('无效的选择！\n');
                break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

使用说明

  1. 编译代码：gcc main.c -o main
  2. 运行程序：./main
  3. 根据提示选择操作

注意

  • 程序默认数据存储文件为 book_storage.txt，如果文件不存在会自动创建
  • 在输入数据时，请确保数据类型正确，否则程序可能出现错误
C语言图书管理系统：使用链表实现增删改查

原文地址: https://www.cveoy.top/t/topic/fv3b 著作权归作者所有。请勿转载和采集!

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