Why the control signal of PWM with larger duty cycle in DC-DC buck converter has larger output voltage

The control signal of PWM with a larger duty cycle in a DC-DC buck converter results in a longer period of time during which the switch is closed. This allows more energy to be transferred from the input to the output during each switching cycle. As a result, the output voltage increases because more energy is available to drive the load. Therefore, a larger duty cycle means that the switch is on for a longer period of time, allowing for more energy transfer and resulting in a higher output voltage