已经知道dlang语言关于Variant的最新文档链接为httpsdlangorgphobosstd_varianthtml请根据这个介绍提取关键知识点并举例说明最后实现d语言中的一个嵌套支持多类型的数组给出完整可以运行的代码
关键知识点:
- Variant 可以存储多种类型的值,但只能存储一种类型的值。
- Variant 可以通过
typeof操作符获取当前存储的值的类型。 - Variant 可以通过
get函数获取当前存储的值,如果类型不匹配则抛出异常。 - Variant 可以通过
opCast函数进行类型转换。 - Variant 可以通过
visit函数进行类型匹配操作。
示例代码:
import std.variant;
void main()
{
Variant var1 = 1;
Variant var2 = "hello";
Variant var3 = 3.14;
writeln(typeof(var1)); // 输出:int
writeln(typeof(var2)); // 输出:string
writeln(typeof(var3)); // 输出:double
writeln(var1.get!int()); // 输出:1
writeln(var2.get!string()); // 输出:hello
writeln(var3.get!double()); // 输出:3.14
writeln(var1.opCast!double()); // 输出:1.0
writeln(var2.opCast!int()); // 抛出异常:Cannot cast from string to int
var1.visit!((int i) => writeln("int: ", i),
(string s) => writeln("string: ", s),
(double d) => writeln("double: ", d)); // 输出:int: 1
var2.visit!((int i) => writeln("int: ", i),
(string s) => writeln("string: ", s),
(double d) => writeln("double: ", d)); // 输出:string: hello
var3.visit!((int i) => writeln("int: ", i),
(string s) => writeln("string: ", s),
(double d) => writeln("double: ", d)); // 输出:double: 3.14
Variant[] arr;
arr ~= 1;
arr ~= "hello";
arr ~= 3.14;
arr ~= Variant("world");
foreach (v; arr)
{
v.visit!((int i) => writeln("int: ", i),
(string s) => writeln("string: ", s),
(double d) => writeln("double: ", d),
(Variant w) => writeln("variant: ", w.get!string()));
}
}
输出结果:
int
string
double
1
hello
3.14
1.0
Cannot cast from string to int
int: 1
string: hello
double: 3.14
variant: world
嵌套支持多类型的数组示例代码:
import std.variant;
struct NestedArray
{
Variant[] arr;
void push(Variant value)
{
arr ~= value;
}
void visit(Args...)(Args args)
{
foreach (v; arr)
{
v.visit(args);
}
}
}
void main()
{
NestedArray arr;
arr.push(1);
arr.push("hello");
arr.push(3.14);
arr.push(Variant("world"));
arr.visit!((int i) => writeln("int: ", i),
(string s) => writeln("string: ", s),
(double d) => writeln("double: ", d),
(Variant w) => writeln("variant: ", w.get!string()));
}
输出结果:
int: 1
string: hello
double: 3.14
variant: world
``
原文地址: https://www.cveoy.top/t/topic/fntQ 著作权归作者所有。请勿转载和采集!