English Literature from Elements Analysis Elements of Fiction - A Brief Introduction A Primary Elements Plot Character Theme Points of View Symbol SettingB Secondary Elements

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2. Character - the people, animals, or supernatural beings who take part in the action of the story. A. Direct Characterization is the author's description or portrayal of a character's physical appearance, personality, or behavior. Indirect Characterization is the author's use of actions, thoughts, and dialogue to reveal a character's personality. B. Character Development is the process of creating a realistic, believable, and dynamic character who changes and grows throughout the story. C. Stock Characters are stereotypical, one-dimensional characters who are often used for comic relief. D. Flat Characters are one-dimensional characters who do not change or grow throughout the story. E. Round Characters are multi-dimensional characters who have complex personalities, motivations, and emotions.

3. Theme - the central idea or message of the story; the underlying meaning or moral of the story. A. Universal Theme is a theme that is applicable to all cultures and people, such as love, death, and freedom. B. Specific Theme is a theme that is unique to a particular culture or historical period, such as racism or social injustice. C. Theme Development is the process of exploring and developing the theme throughout the story.

4. Points of View - the perspective from which the story is told. A. First Person Point of View is when the story is told from the perspective of one of the characters using "I" or "we." B. Third Person Limited Point of View is when the story is told from the perspective of an outside narrator who has limited knowledge of the thoughts and feelings of the characters. C. Third Person Omniscient Point of View is when the story is told from the perspective of an all-knowing narrator who has access to the thoughts and feelings of all the characters.

5. Symbol - an object, person, or action that represents a deeper, more abstract meaning. A. Conventional Symbolism is when the symbol has a widely accepted meaning, such as a heart representing love. B. Contextual Symbolism is when the symbol's meaning is specific to the context of the story.

6. Setting - the time and place in which the story takes place. A. Historical Setting is when the story takes place in a specific historical period. B. Geographical Setting is when the story takes place in a specific geographical location. C. Social Setting is when the story takes place in a specific social context, such as a particular class or culture.

7. Imagery - the use of descriptive language to create sensory experiences for the reader. A. Visual Imagery is the use of descriptive language to create visual experiences for the reader. B. Auditory Imagery is the use of descriptive language to create auditory experiences for the reader. C. Olfactory Imagery is the use of descriptive language to create olfactory experiences for the reader.

8. Irony - a literary device in which there is a contrast between what is expected and what actually happens. A. Verbal Irony is when a character says one thing but means another. B. Situational Irony is when the outcome of an event is the opposite of what is expected. C. Dramatic Irony is when the reader knows something that the characters do not.

9. Style & Tone - the author's unique way of using language to convey the mood and atmosphere of the story. A. Style is the author's use of language, syntax, and structure to create a unique literary voice. B. Tone is the author's attitude towards the subject matter and characters.

10. Exposition - the introduction of the story's background information, such as setting and characters. A. Backstory is the history and background information of the characters and setting. B. Foreshadowing is the use of clues or hints to suggest future events in the story. C. Flashback is a scene that interrupts the chronological order of the story to show events that happened in the past