Australia Country Profile English versionFLY TO AU WITH ME……CONTENT1 Federation 211 Coverment 312 National Anthem 42 Geography 43 Climate 64 History 65 Economy 96 Culcture 1161

Governor-General, who is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Australian Prime Minister.

The Australian Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Representatives, which has 151 members elected by popular vote, and the Senate, which has 76 members elected by proportional representation. Australia has a multi-party system with many political parties competing for seats in Parliament. The current Prime Minister of Australia is Scott Morrison.

1.2 National Anthem

The Australian national anthem is "Advance Australia Fair". It was first performed in 1878, and became the official national anthem in 1984. The lyrics were written by Scottish-born poet Peter Dodds McCormick, and the melody was adapted from a song he had written for a Scottish choir. The anthem is often performed at national and sporting events, and at the beginning of each school day in many Australian schools.

2 Geography

Australia is the world's sixth largest country by total area, with a land area of 7,692,024 square kilometres. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere and is surrounded by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Australia is the only country to occupy an entire continent, and its landscape is diverse, ranging from tropical rainforests to arid deserts.

The highest point in Australia is Mount Kosciuszko, which is 2,228 metres above sea level, and the lowest point is Lake Eyre, which is 15 metres below sea level. Australia is home to many unique and iconic landmarks, including Uluru (also known as Ayers Rock), the Great Barrier Reef, and the Sydney Opera House.

3 Climate

Australia has a varied climate due to its size and location. The northern part of the country has a tropical climate, with hot and humid summers and mild winters. The southern part of the country has a temperate climate, with warm summers and cool winters. The central part of the country is mostly desert, with hot summers and mild winters.

Australia is also prone to natural disasters, including bushfires, floods, and cyclones. Climate change is a growing concern in Australia, with increasing temperatures and more frequent extreme weather events.

4 History

Indigenous Australians inhabited the continent for tens of thousands of years before the arrival of European explorers in the late 18th century. In 1770, British explorer James Cook claimed the eastern coast of Australia for Britain, and in 1788 the First Fleet arrived in Sydney Cove with British convicts and soldiers to establish a penal colony.

Over the next century, more British colonies were established in Australia, and in 1901 they federated to become the Commonwealth of Australia. Indigenous Australians were largely excluded from political representation and suffered from discrimination and forced removal from their land.

In recent years, there has been a growing acknowledgement of the impact of colonisation on Indigenous Australians, and efforts to address historical injustices and improve Indigenous rights.

5 Economy

Australia has a diversified economy with a strong services sector, including tourism, education, and financial services. The country is also a major exporter of natural resources, including coal, iron ore, and natural gas.

Australia has weathered the global financial crisis and recent economic downturns relatively well, with a stable economy and low unemployment. However, the country faces challenges including climate change, an ageing population, and the need to transition to a low-carbon economy.

6 Culture

Australian culture is diverse and multicultural, with influences from Indigenous traditions, British heritage, and waves of immigration from around the world. The country is known for its laid-back lifestyle, love of sports, and iconic wildlife such as kangaroos and koalas.

6.1 Arts

Australia has a vibrant arts scene, with a range of theatre, dance, music, and visual arts on offer. The country is home to many internationally renowned artists and performers, and hosts a number of major cultural events including the Sydney Festival and the Melbourne International Arts Festival.

6.2 Media

Australia has a diverse media landscape, with a mix of public and commercial broadcasters and a range of print and online news outlets. The country has a high rate of internet and smartphone usage, and social media is an increasingly important source of news and information.

7 Sports

Sport is an important part of Australian culture, with many Australians passionate about football, cricket, rugby, and other popular sports. The country has a strong sporting tradition, with many successful athletes competing at the international level.

Australia has hosted a number of major sporting events, including the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, the 2000 Sydney Olympics, and the 2015 Cricket World Cup.

8 Symbol

The Australian flag features the Union Jack in the top left corner, symbolising Australia's historical ties to Britain. The flag also includes the Commonwealth Star, which has seven points representing the six states and the territories, and the Southern Cross, a constellation visible in the southern hemisphere.

Other symbols of Australia include the kangaroo and the emu, which appear on the Australian coat of arms, and the Golden Wattle, which is the national floral emblem