QLU-C10D Internal Responsiveness Assessment: A Comparative Analysis of Effect Size Measures

Responsiveness is considered as the ability of an instrument to detect changes over time. To assess the internal responsiveness of QLU-C10D between T0 and T2, effect sizes (ES) were utilized. However, the most appropriate effect size measure for calculating responsiveness remains a subject of debate. Therefore, standardized response mean (SRM) and change ratio (CR) were also employed in this study. Paired t-tests were conducted to evaluate the significance of group differences, with a significance level of P<0.05. ES was defined as the mean difference divided by the pre-treatment standard deviation, SRM as the mean difference divided by the difference standard deviation, and CR as the difference divided by the pre-treatment score.