Assessing the Internal Responsiveness of QLU-C10D: A Comparative Analysis of Effect Size, Standardized Response Mean, and Change Ratio

The ability of an instrument to detect changes over time, known as responsiveness, is a crucial aspect to consider. In this study, the internal responsiveness of QLU-C10D between T0 and T2 was assessed using effect size (ES). However, determining the most appropriate measure of response magnitude for calculating ES has been a topic of debate. To address this issue, standardized response mean (SRM) and change ratio (CR) were also utilized. Statistical significance of group differences was evaluated using paired t-tests, with a significance level of P<0.05. ES was calculated as the mean difference divided by the pre-treatment standard deviation, SRM as the mean difference divided by the difference standard deviation, and CR as the difference divided by the pre-treatment score.