Java 使用 POI 操作 Word 文档：合并文档并复制书签内容

package word;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.IBodyElement;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTBookmark;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTMarkupRange;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class Word {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 打开输入文档1
            XWPFDocument inputDoc1 = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream('input01.docx'));

            // 打开输入文档2
            XWPFDocument inputDoc2 = new XWPFDocument(new FileInputStream('input02.docx'));

            // 创建输出文档
            XWPFDocument outputDoc = new XWPFDocument();

            // 复制输入文档1的内容到输出文档
            copyDocumentContent(inputDoc1, outputDoc);

            // 复制输入文档1中指定书签的内容到输出文档
            copyBookmarkContent('应变计', inputDoc1, outputDoc);

            // 复制输入文档2中指定书签的内容到输出文档
            copyBookmarkContent('位移计', inputDoc2, outputDoc);

            // 保存输出文档
            FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream('input04.docx');
            outputDoc.write(out);
            out.close();

            System.out.println('复制完成');
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 复制文档内容
    private static void copyDocumentContent(XWPFDocument sourceDoc, XWPFDocument targetDoc) {
        for (IBodyElement element : sourceDoc.getBodyElements()) {
            if (element instanceof XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
                targetDoc.createParagraph().createRun().setText(paragraph.getText());
            } else if (element instanceof XWPFTable table) {
                targetDoc.createTable().getCTTbl().setTblPr(table.getCTTbl().getTblPr());
            }
        }
    }

    // 复制书签内容
    private static void copyBookmarkContent(String bookmarkName, XWPFDocument sourceDoc, XWPFDocument targetDoc) {
        List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = sourceDoc.getParagraphs();
        for (int i = 0; i < paragraphs.size(); i++) {
            XWPFParagraph paragraph = paragraphs.get(i);
            // 使用CTBookmark类型获取书签
            List<CTBookmark> bookmarks = paragraph.getCTP().getBookmarkStartList();
            for (CTBookmark bookmark : bookmarks) {
                if (bookmark.getName().equals(bookmarkName)) {
                    int startIdx = i;
                    int endIdx = -1;
                    for (int j = i + 1; j < paragraphs.size(); j++) {
                        XWPFParagraph nextParagraph = paragraphs.get(j);
                        List<CTMarkupRange> nextBookmarks = nextParagraph.getCTP().getBookmarkEndList();
                        for (CTMarkupRange nextBookmark : nextBookmarks) {
                            CTBookmark parentBookmark = (CTBookmark) nextBookmark.getDomNode().getParentNode();
                            if (parentBookmark.getId().equals(bookmark.getId())) {
                                endIdx = j;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        if (endIdx != -1) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (endIdx != -1) {
                        for (int k = startIdx; k <= endIdx; k++) {
                            XWPFParagraph targetParagraph = targetDoc.createParagraph();
                            targetParagraph.createRun().setText(paragraphs.get(k).getText());
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

解决 ClassCastException 问题

在复制书签内容的方法 copyBookmarkContent 中，可能会遇到 ClassCastException 异常，提示无法将 org.apache.xmlbeans.impl.store.ElementXobj 类转换为 org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTBookmark 类。

这是因为缺少 xmlbeans 依赖库。在项目的 pom.xml 文件中添加以下依赖即可解决问题：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
    <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>

添加依赖后，重新编译并运行程序即可。