python36安装opencv

安装步骤：

安装依赖库

在终端中输入以下命令：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk-3-dev libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk3-module libtiff-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libxine2-dev libv4l-dev v4l-utils libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgtk2.0-dev libtbb-dev qt5-default libatlas-base-dev libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libavresample-dev x264 yasm libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libopencv-dev unzip wget

下载OpenCV源代码

在终端中输入以下命令：

cd ~
wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.5.3.zip
wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.5.3.zip
unzip opencv.zip
unzip opencv_contrib.zip
mv opencv-4.5.3 opencv
mv opencv_contrib-4.5.3 opencv_contrib

编译OpenCV

在终端中输入以下命令：

cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -D WITH_TBB=ON \
    -D WITH_V4L=ON \
    -D WITH_QT=ON \
    -D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
    -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
    -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON \
    -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
    -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3.6) \
    -D PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=$(python3.6 -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_inc; print(get_python_inc())") \
    -D PYTHON_LIBRARY=$(python3.6 -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())") ..
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

注：如果你的系统是ARM架构，那么需要将cmake命令中的-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE改为-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DENABLE_NEON=ON。

测试

在终端中输入以下命令：

python3.6
import cv2
cv2.__version__

如果输出的版本号是4.5.3，说明安装成功。

参考链接：https://docs.opencv.org/4.5.3/d2/de6/tutorial_py_setup_in_ubuntu.htm